Page 53 - UNI 101 Computer Science Handout.

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classified as input devices, output devices, or storage devices. As you would expect, input data is data

from the outside world into the CPU, and output data is data moving from the CPU out to the outside

world. Storage devices are, of course, both input and output devices, though not at the same time.
Programs require input, process it, and then produce output. Using a storage device, data output is

stored, to be used as input at a future time. In a transaction processing system, for example, the

database files are stored online. When a transaction occurs, the transaction processing program will use
input from the new transaction together with data from the database to update the appropriate

database records as output. The updated database remains in storage for the next transaction. Because

of the importance of storage, we will begin with a discussion of storage devices. Following that, we will

consider various input and output devices.

It should be noted that the technologies used for many peripheral components are very sophisticated;

some would even say that these devices operate by magic! You may agree when you see the descriptions

of some components. It is not uncommon to have more sophisticated control and technology in a

peripheral component than in the computer itself. Perhaps you have wondered how these devices work.

Here’s your opportunity to find out! We have not attempted to provide a detailed explanation of every
possible peripheral device in a computer system. Instead, we have selected several interesting devices

that are representative of a number of technologies.

At the completion of this chapter, you will have been exposed to every important hardware component

of the computer system, with the exception of the pieces that tie the components of the computer
systems together, and furthermore extend the systems themselves together into networks. You will

have seen the role and the inner workings of each component that we have discussed, and you will have

seen how the different components fit together to form a complete computer system. You will have a
better understanding of how to select particular components to satisfy specific system requirements

and of how to determine device capacities and capabilities.

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53 Academic Year 2025/2026