Page 292 - Makino,Tsutusi.DictionaryOfIntermediateJGrammar

21 8 nanishiro

(d) A: bTd&.~$@b>jfak
(Japan is crowded, isn't it?)
4:t*'): Xh.
B: j A, {@LS, %41&.79 'I f~a)3-553O-QOb:, XEd2.:
53O-7'?73 b jfao
(Yeah, as a matter of fact, the size is one twenty fifth of America
but the population is one half, you know.)
(el ~LS, :jF~~l/vrz, &a&fi~~~~tv~~~
(I'm unbelievably busy. I don't have any sleeping time, you know.)

1. Originally the adverb comes from nani o shim meaning 'do what you
may.'
2. Nanishiro indicates the speaker's emotive reaction about some extreme
state of affairs, so if an unusual situation does not exist the adverb can-
not be used.

(1) Vii tiJXa~-?f.=;~.>, ML~ ("&%&;k+ j K%L> / *tj 1
k@$%b>I OTO
(Please let me take a day off today, because (I have a severe
headache I I have a slight headache).)
(2) ,K~~LQ < -c~I/~L>~.., ML~ {p"~~~t~~$,&~-c~~a /
lr<
*R$ZZT%%->TL>ZI] d.6,
(Don't worry, because {there are as many as 20 policemen
watching 1 I am watching you] .)

Nanishiro in all the KS and Exs. above can be replaced by tonikaku. How-
ever, tonikaku has a meaning of 'any waylat any rate' but unlike nanishiro it
does not indicate the speaker's emotive feeling. In other words, nanishiro is
a speaker-oriented expression, but tonikaku isn't. So, the latter can be used in