Page 301 - ESSENTIAL LISTENING TO MUSIC

Musorgsky, Modest, 223–225
Pictures at an Exhibition, 223, 224–225
mutes, 36
N
Nabucco (Verdi), 200
Napoleon Bonaparte, 140–142, 158, 195 nationalism
musical, 181, 222–225
patriotic songs, 12, 18, 41, 43, 125, 140–142,
164–165, 222–223 Russian, 223–225
National Parks, The (TV program), 247 Neoclassicism, 106, 110, 251
neural processes, music and, 2, 3–4, 7, 16, 194, 264 New Market (Vienna), 135
New Orleans jazz, 252, 253
Newton, Isaac, 103
New York Philharmonic Orchestra, 10, 39, 222 Niebelungenlied (Song of the Nibelungs), 205 Nightmare Before Christmas, The (film), 193
Night on Bald Mountain (Musorgsky), 223
ninth chord, 234
Nixon in Chin♭a (Adams), 260
Nocturne in E major, Opus 9, No. 2 (Chopin),
Postmodern period, 260 Romantic period, 183, 198–213
French, 209–211 German, 203–208 Italian, 199–203, 211–213 realistic, 208–213
Opera House (Sydney, Australia), 44 opera houses and theaters, 7–8, 12, 44, 199,
200, 205
opera seria, 96, 104, 145
ophicleide (tuba), 36, 40, 185, 189 opus, as term, 154
oratorio
Baroque period, 95, 96–100
Postmodern period, 260
Oratorio Singer, The (Hogarth), 99
orchestral scores, 39
orchestration, 189
Ordinary of the Mass, 53
Orfeo (Monteverdi), 74
Organ Fugue in G minor (Bach), 88–90
organ, 38, 87–90
O rubor sanguinis (Hildegard of Bingen), 50–51 Ospedale della Pietà (Hospice of Mercy; Venice),
82, 83
ostinato, 28–29, 72, 76, 80–81, 234, 238–239 Otello (Verdi), 201
Our Lady of Victory (Rome), 68–69 overtone series, in musical template, 5 overture, 73
Oxford Music Online, 11
P
Pachelbel, Johann, Canon in D major, 29, 41, 80–81 Paganini, Nicolò, 217
Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da, 62
Pandora, 2, 8, 185
parietal lobe, 3, 4
“Pathétique” Sonata (Beethoven), 143, 154–157, 165 patriotic songs, 12, 18, 41, 43, 125, 140–142, 164–165,
222–223 “patter songs,” 147–148
pavane, 63–64
Pavarotti, Luciano, 10, 199
pedal point, 89
Pelléas et Mélisande (Debussy), 228 pentatonic scale, 224
percussion instruments, 36–37, 78
in Classical orchestra, 136
in Postmodern period, 257
in Romantic orchestra, 186
symphony orchestra seating plan, 39, 40
perfect pitch, 12
Phantom of the Opera (Lloyd Webber), 96, 147,
150, 169 phonograph, 5, 255
pianissimo, 31, 187
piano (dynamic), 31 piano/pianoforte (instrument), 39
Classical perio♭ d, 105, 108, 142–145
Nocturne in E major, Opus 9, No. 2 (Chopin),
181–183
Piano Concerto in C major (Mozart), 106–107, 144–145
Piano Sonata in B minor (Liszt), 181 Piano Sonata, Opus 13, the “Pathétique”
(Beethoven), 143, 154–157, 165 prepared, 257–259
Romantic period, 177, 179–183
Picasso, Pablo, 231–233, 235, 246, 254 piccolos, 35, 185
Pictures at an Exhibition (Musorgsky), 223,
224–225
Pierrot lunaire (Moonstruck Pierrot; Schoenberg),
241–243
Pink Panther (Koons), 254
pipe organ, 38, 55 Piscopia, Elena, 71–72 Pissarro, Camille, 227 pitch, 20–21
brasses, 36
defined, 20
in different scales, 5 percussion, 36–37 perfect, 12
in sound waves, 3 in triads, 26–27 violin group, 33 vocal, 31–32 woodwinds, 35
pizzicato, 33
plainsong, 49–51
Plato, 2
playlists, creating, 10
plug-in speakers, 10
Poème électronique (Varèse), 256 polonaise, 181
polychord, 239, 248 polymeter, 237–238 polyphony, 41–42
Baroque period, 70, 87–90 medieval Mass, 52–54 Renaissance motets, 59–61
polyrhythm, 238
Ponte, Lorenzo da, 146–150 popular music
compared with classical music, 6–8, 10–11, 12, 16, 18–19
contemporary. See names of specific artists and groups
defined, 6
Middle Ages, 54–55 Renaissance, 62–66
portable organs, 55, 56
Postmodern period (1945–present), 9, 231, 254–262
chance music, 257–259
electronic music, 255–257
instrumental music/instruments, 255–262 Minimalism, 259–261
opera, 260
paintings, 254–255, 258
“Postmodernism” as term, 254
synthesis of classical and popular music, 261–262
Potato Eaters, The (van Gogh), 209
Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun (Debussy), 228,
229–230
181–183 nocturne, 181–183
notation
impact of printing press, 63 melodic, 17, 20–23 mensural, 52
orchestral scores, 39 rhythmic, 17–19
Notre Dame of Paris, 52
Notre Dame of Reims, 52
Le nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro;
Mozart), 104–105, 113, 146
Nuages gris (Gray Clouds) (Liszt), 181
Nutcracker, The, “Dance of the Reed Pipes” (Tchai-
kovsky), 45, 46, 196, 221, 236
O
Obama, Barack, 249 oboe, 34, 35, 40, 185 occipital lobe, 3, 4
octave displacement, 233 octaves, 20
Ode to Joy (Beethoven), 20–21, 25, 163–165, 262 O’Donnell, Martin, 256
“Oh, What a Beautiful Morning,” 25
Olivero, Pietro Domenico, 79
“O, mio babbino caro” (Puccini), 12
On the Origin of Species (Darwin), 208–209 On the Transmigration of Souls (Adams), 260 open scoring, 247
opera
Baroque period, 73–77, 82, 95–96
Classical period, 104–105, 111, 145–150, 199 comic (opera buffa), 104–105, 145–150 defined, 73
opera seria, 96, 104, 145
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