Page 302 - ESSENTIAL LISTENING TO MUSIC

prepared piano, 257–259
Preservation Hall (New Orleans), 252 presto, 16
Pretty Woman (film), 202
Price, Steven, 264
prima donna, 199
Primitivism, 236
printing press, 63
program music, 78, 82–85, 188–197, 218 program symphony, 190–194, 218 Protestant Reformation, 62
Puccini, Giacomo, 12, 75, 209, 211–213
“Che gelida manina,” from La bohème, 211–212 Purcell, Henry, Dido and Aeneas, 75–77, 95
Q
quadruple meter, 17 quarter notes, 17
R
Radiohead, 257, 259 ragtime, 253
Raimbaut d’Orange, 55 ranks, organ, 38
Ravel, Maurice, 224
realistic opera, 208–213
recapitulation, 121–122, 138, 161
recital, 180
recitative, 74–77, 149
recitativo accompagnato, 201
recorders, 55, 56
Red Gaze (Schoenberg), 243 Redoutensaal (dancing hall; Vienna), 116 Reich, Steve, 259
Renaissance period (1450–1600), 9, 56–66
architecture, 57–59
church music, 58–62
compared with Baroque period, 70 compared with Middle Ages, 57–58,
62–63 genre
dance music, 63–64 madrigal, 64–66 Mass, 62
motet, 59–61
instrumental music/instruments, 63–64 popular music, 62–66
text and music, 57–58, 59–61, 64–66 visual arts, 57–59, 61–65
Renoir, Auguste, 227 repetition, 6
in creating form, 42
Republic, The (Plato), 2
Requiem Mass (Mozart), 113
rest, 17
retransition, 121
Rhapsody in Blue (Gershwin), 253 rhythm, 16–19
Classical period, 107, 137, 158–163 defined, 17
harmonic, 107, 137
polymeter, 237–238
polyrhythm, 238
popular versus classical, 16, 18–19 Romantic tempo, 172
rhythmic notation, 17–19
“Ride of the Valkyries” (Die Walküre; Wagner),
12, 205, 206–208 Rienzi (Wagner), 204 Rigoletto (Verdi), 200
Rihanna, 12, 31
Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai, 223
Rinaldo (Handel), 96
Ring cycle (Wagner), 187, 205, 206–208 ritard, 16
ritornello form, 82, 83–85
River Rock Casino (Las Vegas), 8 Roberts, Julia, 202
rock concerts, 7, 94
Rodeo (Copland), 247
Roman Empire, 49
Romantic period (1820–1900), 9, 167–225
architecture, 187, 200, 205, 215–216 audience expectations, 215–216 characteristics of music, 169–172
“expression marks,” 169 harmony, 170–172, 182 melody, 170, 205–206 mood, 169–170, 187, 189 rhythm/tempo, 172
compared with Classical period, 168–172 genre
art song, 172–178
ballet music, 195–197
character piece, 187
concerto, 217–222
“music dramas,” 205–206
opera, 183, 198–213
piano music, 177, 179–183
program music, 188–197, 218
sonata, 143, 154–157, 165
symphony, 164–165, 174, 185–187, 217–218,
221–222, 264
tone poem, 13–14, 194–197, 221, 223–225
instrumental music/instruments, 39, 179–197 concert halls, 215–216
conductors, 39, 216
late Romantic period, 214–225
Romantic orchestra, 185–187, 189, 193, 206 musical nationalism, 222–225
“musician as artist,” 152–154, 157, 168, 169,
217–218
painting, 30, 40, 168, 173, 174, 179, 180, 181, 193,
200, 202, 203, 204, 207, 208–209, 216, 217,
219, 224–225
“Romanticism” as term, 168–169 text and music, 172–178, 189, 198–213
Romeo and Juliet (Berlioz), 189
Romeo and Juliet (Tchaikovsky), 170, 194, 221 rondo form, 46–47, 130–132♭ , 220, 225
Trumpet Concerto in E major (Haydn), 131–132 Rose Hall (Lincoln Center, New York City), 252 Rossini, Gioachino, 199
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 103
Rowling, J. K., 204
“Row, Row, Row Your Boat,” 41, 88 Royal Academy of Music, 96 rubato (stolen), 172
Rubens, Peter Paul, 68
Russian Five, 223
Russian Revolution, 235
S
Saint John and the Two Marys (Grünewald), 57 Saint Peter’s Basilica (Rome), 68
Saint Stephen’s Cathedral (Vienna), 110
Saint Thomas’s Church (Leipzig), 88, 90–94 Salieri, Antonio, 114, 124
Salzburg, Austria, 111–113 sampling, 256
San Francisco Symphony, 32 Saving Private Ryan (film), 261 scales
chromatic, 24
defined, 23
five-pitch, 5
major, 23–24, 26
minor, 23–24
modal, 23–24 pentatonic, 224 seven-pitch, 5, 20, 22–23 six-pitch, 5
tonic, 24–25
Schemes of Painting (Gleiz), 239
Schermerhorn Symphony Center (Nashville), 7–8,
11, 215 scherzo, 162
Schiller, Friedrich von, 164–165 Schoenberg, Arnold, 232–234, 241–244
Pierrot lunaire (Moonstruck Pierrot), 241–243 Suite for Piano, 244
twelve-tone composition, 234, 243–244, 259
Schopenhauer, Arthur, 194 Schubert, Franz, 108, 170, 173–176
Erlkönig (Elf King), 174–176 Schubertiads, 173
Schumann, Clara Wieck, 176–178, 218
“Liebst du um Schönheit” (“If You Love for Beauty”), 177–178
Schumann, Robert, 168, 176–177, 194, 218 Schwind, Moritz von, 174
scores, 7. See also notation
“open scoring,” 247
orchestral, 39
scratching, 256
Scream, The (Munch), 233
Second Viennese School, 241
serenade, 118–119
serial music, 244
seven-pitch scale, 5, 20, 22–23
seventh chord, 234
sforzandi (loud attacks), 138, 155
Shakesp♯ eare, William, 12, 65, 95, 148, 189, 190, 201 sharp ( ), 20
shawm, 63
Shazam, 2
280 index
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