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Influence of probiotic bacteria on immunity enhancement and survival of white shrimp Litopenaeus
Vannamei (Boone, 1931)

1
2
1 Venkatrayulu Chenji*, Venkateswarlu V, Raghavachari AV

1 Department of Marine Biology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore – 524 320, Andhra Pradesh
2 Department of Fishery Science and Aquaculture, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati – 517 502,
Andhra Pradesh

* Corresponding author: aqua.venkat@gmail.com

Abstract:

In recent years there has been great interest in the use of probiotic bacteria in aquaculture to improve the
immunity and disease resistance of farmed aquatic animals. The crustacean immune system is dependent
on a non-specific factor unlike the one seen in vertebrates. Host defence is important in strengthening the
immune system in crustaceans. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to study the effects of
commercial probiotics on the immunological responses of shrimp. Specifically, efforts were made to
evaluate the immunity-enhancing effect of feed and water probiotics on cellular defence mechanisms.
Total Haemocyte Count (THC), Phagocytic Activity (PA), Phagocytic Index (PI), Antibacterial Activity
(AA), Survival Rates (SR) and total yield were monitored in control and probiotic (Wunapuo-15: water
probiotic; Aqualact; feed probiotic) treated shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in semi-intensive culture ponds,
at specific time intervals during 110 days of culture (DOC). Significant improvements (P<0.05) were
observed in immunity indices, survival rates and total yield of shrimp in probiotic-treated culture ponds
compared to controls. The possible impact of using probiotics on sustainable shrimp culture is discussed.

Keywords: Probiotic, Immunity, Litopenaeus vannamei, Survival rates, Total yields.