Page 11 - HBC 2017 - Final
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International Orthopaedics (SICOT) (2008) 32:115–119                                            117

           Fig. 2 Anteroposterior and lat-
           eral views of the lumbar spine
           showing degenerative change of
           the spine with spondylolisthesis
           of L3-4

























           But it was not until in 1963, when Newman in his review of  traumatic spondylolisthesis, pathologic spondylolisthesis
           319 cases, classified spondylolisthesis into five distinct  and iatrogenic spondylolisthesis (following lumbar surgery
           groups [1, 7]. This classification was revised in 1976 by  via laminectomy) [8, 9].
           Wiltse et al. [9], and has since become the most widely  The most common type of spondylolisthesis found in
           accepted classification. Other than the previous five distinct  patients less than 50 years of age is the isthmic (spondy-
           groups by Newman, a sixth group has been added. Thus,  lolytic) type [5, 10]. It is believed that “biomechanical
           present classification of spondylolisthesis is as follows:  stress”, such as repetitive mechanical strain from heavy
           dysplastic (congenital) spondylolisthesis, isthmic (spondy-  work and sports, causes a fatigue fracture to the pars
           lolitic) spondylolisthesis, degenerative spondylolisthesis,  interarticularis that allows the defective vertebra to move

           Fig. 3 Plain anteroposterior and
           lateral radiograph of the lumbar
           spine at 8 months post-opera-
           tion, demonstrating a well-con-
           solidated intertransverse bone
           fusion mass (arrows)
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