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GRAMMAR 1 2 Write. What do you think? Write safety rules for people who go to

these places. Use these words.
Passive with modals TR: 7.4

Headlamps must be worn in dark caves. suit environment
Dangerous places must not be entered alone. volcano water risks wear
New species have to be studied in a science lab. jungle food animals carry
They can’t be analyzed underwater. mountain boots headlamp protect
use
underwater cave helmet photos take
rope
1 Read and write. Complete the paragraph.

1. In the jungle, animals must be protected.
The Nyiragongo volcano is beautiful but dangerous. If it erupts, it could kill
must be helped 2.
the people who live below it. The people (1) (must / help)
3.
because when a volcano starts to erupt, it (2)
4.
(can’t / stop). To save lives, volcanic activity (3)
5.
(must / study). Rocks (4) (have to / collect) from
6.
inside the volcano.
3 Compare rules. Work in pairs.
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Before scientists descend the volcano, they need safety gear. The safety

gear (5) (have to / check). Rubber shoes

(6) (shouldn’t / use) because they melt in the heat! In an underwater cave, a
headlamp must be worn.
Special suits and gas masks (7) (must / wear) to

protect the scientists against heat and poisonous gases. As scientists descend

by rope, the sound of gases (8) (can / hear) below.

It’s scary. But the team collects rocks and ascends safely. A rope can be used to
help you descend.
Now other scientists can learn more about the volcano.

120 Unit 7 121