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ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES

Question 1 – 3

In most of Europe, farmers' homes and outbuildings are generally located within a village, and
tools and animals are housed there. Every morning, the farmers and farm laborers leave their village
to work their land or tend their animals in distant fields, and return to the village at the end of the
day. Social life is thus centripetal; that is, it is focused around the community center, the village. Only
in certain parts of Quebec has this pattern been preserved in North America.
Throughout most of North America, a different pattern was established. It was borrowed from
northern Europe, but was pushed even further in the New World where land was cheap or even free.
It is a centrifugal system of social life, with large isolated farms whose residents go to the village
only to buy goods and procedure services. The independence associated with American farmers
stems from this pattern of farm settlement. The American farmer is as free of the intimacy of the
village as the urbanite.

1. The main topic of the first paragraph is
_____ (A) European farm product
_____ (B) Social life in Quebec
_____ (C) The European pattern of rural settlement
2. The main topic of the second paragraph is
_____ (A) the relative isolation of North American farm families
_____ (B) the relationship between farmers and urbanites in North America
_____ (AC the low cost of farmland in North America.
3. The main topic of the entire passage is
_____ (A) a comparison of farming in northern and southern Europe
_____ (B) the difference between farming in Quebec and the rest of North America
_____ (C) European influence on American Agriculture
_____ (D) a contrast between a centripetal system of rural life and a centrifugal system

Question 4-7

While fats have lately acquired a bad image, one should not forget how essential they are. Fats
provide the body's best means of storing energy, far more efficient energy sources than either
carbohydrates or proteins. They act as insulation against cold, as cushioning for the internal organs,
and as lubricants. Without fats, there would be no way to utilize fat-soluble vitamins. Furthermore,
some fats contain fatty acids that contain necessary growth factors and help with the digestion of
other foods.
An important consideration of fat intake is the ratio of saturated fats to unsaturated fats. Saturated
fats, which are derived from dairy products, animal fats, and tropical oils, increase the amount of
cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol may lead to coronary heart disease by building up in the
arteries of the heart. However, unsaturated fats, derived from vegetable oils, tend to lower serum
cholesterol if taken in a proportion twice that of saturated fats.
The consumption of a variety of fats is necessary, but the intake of too much fat may lead to a
variety of health problems. Excessive intake of fats, like all nutritional excesses, is to be avoided.

4. The main idea of the first paragraph is that
____ (A) fats have a bad image
____ (B) fats serve important functions in the body
____ (C) fats store food more efficiently than proteins or carbohydrates

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