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ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES

Questions 12-19

All birds have feathers, and all animals with feathers are birds.
No other major group of animals is so easy to categorize. All birds
have wings, too, but wings are not peculiar to birds.
(line) Many adaptations are found in both feathers and wings. Feathers
(5) form the soft down of geese and ducks, the long decorative plumes
of ostriches, and the strong flight feathers of eagles and hawks.
Wings vary from the short, broad ones of chickens, which seldom
fly, to the long, slim ones of albatrosses, which spend almost all
their lives soaring on air currents. In penguins, wings have been
(10) modified into flippers and feathers into a waterproof covering. In
kiwis, the wings are almost impossible to detect.
Yet diversity among birds is not so striking as it is among
mammals. The difference between a hummingbird and a penguin
is immense, but hardly as startling as that between a bat and a whale.
It is variations in details rather than in fundamental patterns
(15)
that have been important in the adaptation of birds to many kinds of
ecosystems.

12. The word "categorize" in line 2 is closest in meaning to
___ (A) appreciate
___ (B) comprehend
___ (C) classify
___ (D) visualize
13. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase "peculiar to" in line 3?
___ (A) Unusual for
___ (B) Common to
___ (C) Necessary for
___ (D) Unique to
14. The word "slim" in line 8 is closest in meaning to
___ (A) slender
___ (B) powerful
___ (C) graceful
___ (D) soft
15. The word "detect" in line 11 is closest in meaning to
___ (A) utilize
___ (B) extend
___ (C) observe
___ (D) describe
16. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "diversity" in line 12?
___ (A) Function
___ (B) Heredity
___ (C) Specialty
___ (D) Variety
17. The word "hardly" in line 14 is closest in meaning to
___ (A) definitely
___ (B) not nearly
___ (C) possibly
___ (D) not always

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