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1st Int. Transborder Conf. of the Timor Island: Timor %u2013 Science without borderDili, 7-8 May 202548Potential of Hydrochar From A Combination of Local Biomass And Non-Productive Marine Biomass As A Candidate Material For Dryland Soil RestorationYantus A.B Neolaka1,*, Yosep Lawa1,2 and Eka B.S Kala11Department of Chemical Education, Faculty of Education and Teachers Training, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Indonesia2Environmental Science Study Programme, Graduate Program, Universitas Nusa Cendana, IndonesiaCorresponding author: yantusneolakaunc@gmail.comAbstractRestoring dryland soils with calcareous characteristics and a high alkaline pH presents a significant challenge for the sustainable management of agroecosystems, particularly in the Timor Islands. This study employs a novel technique that involves producing hydrochar from local biomass, including wild weeds and agricultural residues, and applying a chitosan coating sourced from mangrove crab shell waste (Scylla serrata). A hydrothermal carbonization process at low temperatures is utilized to generate hydrochar, preserving its pore structure and enhancing the material's functional properties. The application of a chitosan coating enhances the hydrochar's physicochemical characteristics, such as cation exchange capacity, water retention capacity, and nutrient stability. Laboratory evaluations are conducted to assess the modifications in surface structure and nutrient retention capabilities. Hydrochar is examined as a growing medium for horticultural crops, notably water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), in calcareous dryland soils. Initial findings indicate that chitosan-coated hydrochar enhances the physical and chemical properties of the soil, while also promoting plant growth performance under challenging conditions. This method offers a sustainable approach to using local biomass waste, concurrently aiding in environmentally responsible dryland management. This presentation will explore the potential advancement of hydrochar technology based on local biomass as an innovative solution for the restoration of dryland soils and its integration into agricultural systems reliant on local resources.Keywords: Chitosan, Calcareous soil, Dryland restoration, Hydrochar, Local biomass.