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CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES              MANAGEMENT OF BIPOLAR DISORDER (2ND ED.)



              Specific attention is drawn to the role of lithium in preventing suicidal behaviour in BD. A
                                          30, level I in preventing suicidal behaviour in BD. A
            Specific attention is drawn to the role of lithium
            systematic review of adults with BD showed:
                                          30, level I in preventing suicidal behaviour in BD. A
            Specific attention is drawn to the role of lithium
            systematic review of adults with BD showed:
                combination of olanzapine and lithium significantly reduced suicidal item score of HAM-
            Specific attention is drawn to the role of lithium in preventing suicidal behaviour in BD. A
            systematic review of adults with BD showed:
                combination of olanzapine and lithium significantly reduced suicidal item score of HAM-
                                          30, level I
                D vs lithium alone
            systematic review of adults with BD showed: 30, level I
                combination of olanzapine and lithium significantly reduced suicidal item score of HAM-
                D vs lithium alone
                combination of olanzapine and lithium significantly reduced suicidal item score of HAM-
                lithium and valproate were equally effective in reducing suicide ideation among suicidal
                D vs lithium alone
                lithium and valproate were equally effective in reducing suicide ideation among suicidal
                D vs lithium alone
                attempters
                lithium and valproate were equally effective in reducing suicide ideation among suicidal
                attempters
                no definitive evidence on anti-suicidal effect of lithium
                lithium and valproate were equally effective in reducing suicide ideation among suicidal
                attempters
                no definitive evidence on anti-suicidal effect of lithium
                attempters
            A meta-analysis of RCTs on adults with mood disorders showed NS difference between lithium
                no definitive evidence on anti-suicidal effect of lithium
            A meta-analy  sis of RCTs on adults with mood disorders showed NS difference between lithium
            and  placebo in  suicide  and  non-fatal  suicidal  behaviour
                no definitive evidence on anti-suicidal effect of lithium   between  the  groups.
                                                                       The
                                                                 137,  level  I
            A meta-analy
                      sis of RCTs on adults with mood disorders showed NS difference between lithium
                                                                 137,  level  I
                                                                       The
            and  placebo in  suicide  and  non-fatal  suicidal  behaviour  between  the  groups.
            A meta-analysis of RCTs on adults with mood disorders showed NS difference between lithium
            primary papers were of moderate quality based on RoB.
            and  placebo in  suicide  and  non-fatal  suicidal  behaviour  between  the  groups.

                                                                 137,  level  I
                                                                       The
            primary pape
                      rs were of moderate quality based on RoB.
                                                                 137,  level  I
            primary papers were of moderate quality based on RoB.

            primary papers were of moderate quality based on RoB.

               While there is no robust evidence for the anti-suicidal effect of lithium, it remains an
                and  placebo in  suicide  and  non-fatal  suicidal  behaviour  between  the  groups.  The
               While there is no robust evidence for the anti-suicidal effect of lithium, it remains an
               effective treatment option in BD patients with suicidal risk. Its use is guided by individual
               While there is no robust evidence for the anti-suicidal effect of lithium, it remains an
               effective treatment option in BD patients with suicidal risk. Its use is guided by individual
               While there is no robust evidence for the anti-suicidal effect of lithium, it remains an
               patient factors (e.g. treatment response, monitoring and risk of lethal overdose).
               effective treatment option in BD patients with suicidal risk. Its use is guided by individual
               patient factors (e.g. treatment response, monitoring and risk of lethal overdose).
               patient factors (e.g. treatment response, monitoring and risk of lethal overdose).
               effective treatment option in BD patients with suicidal risk. Its use is guided by individual
               patient factors (e.g. treatment response, monitoring and risk of lethal overdose).
              In a cohort study on patients >10 years of age with BD, ECT reduced suicide risk in depressive

            In a cohort study on patients >10 years of age with BD, ECT reduced suicide risk in depressive
              state (HR=0.805, 95% CI 0.514 to 0.987) but not in mania or mixed states compared with
            In a cohort study on patients >10 years of age with BD, ECT reduced suicide risk in depressive
            state (HR=0.805, 95% CI 0.514
                             138, level II-2 to 0.987) but not in mania or mixed states compared with

            In a cohort study on patients >10 years of age with BD, ECT reduced suicide risk in depressive
            psychopharmacotherapy.
                             138, level II-2 to 0.987) but not in mania or mixed states compared with
            state (HR=0.805, 95% CI 0.514

            psychopharmacotherapy.
            state (HR=0.805, 95% CI 0.514 to 0.987) but not in mania or mixed states compared with

            psychopharmacotherapy.

                             138, level II-2

                             138, level II-2

            psychopharmacotherapy.small RCT on the effectiveness of IV ketamine vs placebo in bipolar
            In a systematic review, a

            In a systematic review, a small RCT on the effectiveness of IV ketamine vs placebo in bipolar
              depression  found  that  suicidal  ideation  scores  in  MADRS  reduced  within  40  minutes  in
            In a systematic review, a small RCT on the effectiveness of IV ketamine vs placebo in bipolar
            depression  found  that  suicidal  ideation  scores  in  MADRS  reduced  within  40  minutes  in
            In a systematic review, a small RCT on the effectiveness of IV ketamine vs placebo in bipolar
            subjects of the ketamine arm (Cohen’s d=0.98, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.33) and remained significant
            depression  found  that  suicidal  ideation  scores  in  MADRS  reduced  within  40  minutes  in
            subjects of the ketamine arm (Cohen’s d=0.98, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.33) and remained significant
            depression  found  that  suicidal  ideation  scores  in  MADRS  reduced  within  40  minutes  in
                  139, level I
            to Day 3.
            subjects of the ketamine arm (Cohen’s d=0.98, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.33) and remained significant
                  139, level I
            to Day 3.
            subjects of the ketamine arm (Cohen’s d=0.98, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.33) and remained significant

            to Day 3.
                  139, level I

                  139, level I
            to Day 3. on psychological interventions for suicidal behaviour in BD population is limited.
            Evidence

            Evidence on psychological interventions for suicidal behaviour in BD population is limited.
              Safety Planning is a personalised and prioritised list of coping strategies and resources to
            Evidence on psychological interventions for suicidal behaviour in BD population is limited.
            Safety Planning is a personalised and prioritised list of coping strategies and resources to
            Evidence on psychological interventions for suicidal behaviour in BD population is limited.
            reduce suicide risk and improve help-seeking.
            Safety Planning is a personalised and prioritised list of coping strategies and resources to
            reduce suicide risk and improve help-seeking.
            Safety Planning is a personalised and prioritised list of coping strategies and resources to

            reduce suicide risk and improve help-seeking.

            reduce suicide risk and improve help-seeking.
            Components of Safety Planning include:

            Components of Safety Planning include:
                                       140, level III

                recognising warning signs of impending suicidal crisis
            Components of Safety Planning include:
                                       140, level III
                recognising warning signs of impending suicidal crisis
            Components of Safety Planning include: 140, level III
                                       140, level III
                identifying and employing internal coping strategies without needing to contact another
                recognising warning signs of impending suicidal crisis
                identifying and employing internal coping strategies without needing to contact another
                recognising warning signs of impending suicidal crisis
                person
                identifying and employing internal coping strategies without needing to contact another
                person
                utilising contacts with people as a means of distraction from suicidal thoughts and urges
                identifying and employing internal coping strategies without needing to contact another
                person
                utilising contacts with people as a means of distraction from suicidal thoughts and urges
                person
                contacting family members or friends who may help to resolve a crisis and with whom
                utilising contacts with people as a means of distraction from suicidal thoughts and urges
                contacting family members or friends who may help to resolve a crisis and with whom
                utilising contacts with people as a means of distraction from suicidal thoughts and urges
                suicidality can be discussed
                contacting family members or friends who may help to resolve a crisis and with whom
                suicidality can be discussed
                contacting family members or friends who may help to resolve a crisis and with whom
                contacting mental health professionals or agencies
                suicidality can be discussed
                contacting mental health professionals or agencies
                suicidality can be discussed
                reducing the potential use of lethal means
                reducing the potential use of lethal means
                contacting mental health professionals or agencies
                 contacting mental health professionals or agencies
                reducing the potential use of lethal means
              A  meta-analysis  of  trials  on  safety  planning
                reducing the potential use of lethal means  interventions  (cognitive  therapy  and  CBT  for

            A  meta-analysis  of  trials  on  safety  planning  interventions  (cognitive  therapy  and  CBT  for
              suicide prevention) vs control (TAU or other treatment modalities) among adults with suicidal
            A  meta-analysis  of  trials  on  safety  planning  interventions  (cognitive  therapy  and  CBT  for
            suicide prevention) vs control (TAU or other treatment modalities) among adults with suicidal
            behaviour (including those with affective disorders) showed mixed results where two RCTs
            A  meta-analysis  of  trials  on  safety  planning  interventions  (cognitive  therapy  and  CBT  for
            suicide prevention) vs control (TAU or other treatment modalities) among adults with suicidal
            behaviour (including those with affective disorders) showed mixed results where two RCTs
            suicide prevention) vs control (TAU or other treatment modalities) among adults with suicidal
            found significant reduction in suicidal behaviour while another two did not. The overall bias of
            behaviour (including those with affective disorders) showed mixed results where two RCTs

            behaviour (including those with affective disorders) showed mixed results where two RCTs
                                               141, level I
            primary papers was considered high based on RoB2.
            found significant reduction in suicidal behaviour while another two did not. The overall bias of

                                               141, level I
            primary papers was considered high based on RoB2.

            found significant reduction in suicidal behaviour while another two did not. The overall bias of

                                               141, level I
            primary papers was considered high based on RoB2.


            primary papers was considered high based on RoB2.
                                               141, level I

               Identifying risk factors for suicide in BD is important.
              found significant reduction in suicidal behaviour while another two did not. The overall bias of
               Identifying risk factors for suicide in BD is important.
               Personalised, collaborative management of suicidal behaviour in BD including emerging
               Identifying risk factors for suicide in BD is important.
               Personalised, collaborative management of suicidal behaviour in BD including emerging
               treatment options e.g. safety planning is advocated.
               Identifying risk factors for suicide in BD is important.
               Personalised, collaborative management of suicidal behaviour in BD including emerging
               treatment options e.g. safety planning is advocated.
               treatment options e.g. safety planning is advocated.
                 Personalised, collaborative management of suicidal behaviour in BD including emerging
               treatment options e.g. safety planning is advocated.
                      10.  IMPLEMENTING THE GUIDELINES

            10.  IMPLEMENTING THE GUIDELINES
              10.1. Facilitating and Limiting Factors
            10.1. Facilitating and Limiting Factors
            10.  IMPLEMENTING THE GUIDELINES

            10.1. Facilitating and Limiting Factors

            10.1. Facilitating and Limiting Factors

              10.  IMPLEMENTING THE GUIDELINES   33
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