Page 527 - Copper and Bronze in Art: Corrosion, Colorants, Getty Museum Conservation, By David Scott

The Thinker (Rodin), 173ρ as ornamental stone, 246 - 47, from Asia and Middle East,
cleaning of, 374 248-50 , 251 n 3 291-93 , 415
patina on, 43,172 properties of, 240, 241, 242t, late-medieval, 285-90 , 414-15
thiourea, 24-2 5 247- 48 variants of, 281-9 3
thymiaterion (incense burner), in western hemisphere, 249-5 0 synthesis of
95,181 p X-ray diffraction data for, 429t new, 273-7 4
tidal zone, 661, 67 Tutton's salt process for, 276-7 7
(
time-of-wetness T O W ) in patinas, 158 visible spectra for, 288, 289 f
and corrosion rates, 58 properties of, 148t X-ray diffraction data for,
definition of, 58 273-74 , 434t-45 t
limitations of, 58 U verditer
measurement of, 58 Ukiyo-e paintings, basic copper blue, 114-16, 185 p, 405
models for, 58 chloride in, 137,187ρ green, 114-16,184 ρ
tin bronze. See bronze ultramarine blue, 109 Victoria, Queen, statue of (Hébert)
tin (IV) oxide, hydrated, 38 ultrasonic scanning, 394 chloroxiphite on, 143
tingyao ware, 94 United Kingdom posnjakite on, 153
tinned surfaces, on bronze, air pollution in, 43, 45, 80n1 4 Victorious Youth, Statue of a, 218p
4 0 2 - 4 0 3 bronze maintenance in, 80n1 4 conservation treatment of, 218p,
tinthotype, 26 United Nations, test panels of, 59 359, 369-7 0
Togati bronze, 213 p, 334 United States, outdoor corrosion Victory with Cornucopia, 213 p, 334
patina on, 214p, 334-35 , 335f, rates in, 53t malachite in, 184 p, 212
336, 337, 338 f urban areas patina on, 334
tomb(s) air pollution in, 4 3 - 4 5 Vincent Ferrer, Saint, painting
of Amenhotep II, 96 outdoor corrosion rates in, of (Cossa), green verditer
of Duo Win, 348 53-54 , 53t in, 114
Egyptian, pigment deterioration sulfides in patinas in, 232 viride hispanicum, synthesis of, 282
in, 265 - 66 urine, in pigment recipes, 280, 284 viride salsum, synthesis of, 137-38,
of Lui Sheng, 348 Utagowa School of Japanese 281, 411
2
of Queen Nefertari, 02 p, 263 paintings Vix krater, conservation of, 358,
tool marks, preservation of, in basic copper chloride in, 396n 6
patinas, 349-5 0 137, 187ρ volatile organic compounds (vocs),
topotaxy, 13 green verditer in, 114 in indoor environment,
Torpedo ocellata, 18 6 3 - 6 4
T O W . See time-of-wetness V
treatments. See also conservation vapor-phase inhibitors, 391 W
treatments Venice turpentine, 295-9 6 Wallace Collection, clocks in
for cuprite patina development, verdigris, 270-9 4 brown fuzzies on, 233-34 , 234 f
90-91 , 179 ρ basic, 203p , 271-73, 274-75 , X-ray diffraction data for, 427t
trippkeite 413 -14 walnut shells, crushed, cleaning
properties of, 309-1 0 cellulose degradation by, 75 with, 360-6 1
X-ray diffraction data for, chemistry of, 270-7 6 water. See also marine environ­
309, 451t in copper resinates, 2 9 4 - 9 9 ment
Triton x-100, 369 as corrosion product, 270 fresh, 70
tumuli, German Bronze Age, distilled, 203 p, 2 8 8 - 9 0 ground, 37
compositional analysis of, history of, 276-7 8 Sea, 64, 67, 68, 70
3
2
impurities in, testing for, 80 water blasting, 61- 62
340-43 , 342t, 343t
Tung-t'ien ch'ing-lu scroll, on medicinal uses of, 270, water patina, 11
artificial patinas, 345 277-78, 291 water pollution, 67
turpentine, Venice, 295-9 6 neutral, 271-73, 274 wax coatings, 382-8 3
turquoise, 246-5 0 as pigment, 270, 271, 276, application technique for, 383
n
blanching of, 241 277, 291 carnauba, 385, 397 38
chemistry of, 247- 48 problems with, 293 - 94 after glass-bead peening, 360,
in eastern hemisphere, 248 - 49 properties of, 203 p, 270, 271, 396 n 8
history of, 248-5 0 274-7 5 problems with, 382
mineralogy of, 247- 48 protein degradation by, 76, 77 weddellite, 158
occidental, 247 recipes for, 279-94 , 406-1 5 wet-cell batteries, primitive, 16-18,
oriental, 247 7 9 - 8 0 n 5

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