Page 57 - Contenplating the Divie Buddhist Art Christies Hong Kong

AN EXTRAORDINARY EMBROIDERED ICON

DEPICTING ICHIJI KINRIN

John E. Vollmer, New York

The standing figure, dressed in a variety of figured, specially- 刺繡一字金輪掛軸絕品
dyed, and embroidered fabrics with hair piled high beneath
a crown, and long locks cascading down the shoulders and 沃約翰，紐約
adorned with jewelled armbands, bracelets, necklace and
belt presents a resplendent version of the bosatsu-zō 菩薩像 ,
or bodhisattva image common in Japanese Buddhist 掛軸中菩薩身著華貴衣料，髮髻高聳，長髮落於雙肩，穿戴
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iconography . (lot 2859) The figure’s hands are depicted in 鑲嵌寶石的臂環、手鐲、項鍊及腰帶，形象光彩奪目。（拍品
the chiken-in 智 拳印 , or ‘knowledge-fist’ mudra, a gesture 2859 號）菩薩手結智拳印（或稱金鋼智拳印），通常為大日如
most often associated with Dainichi Nyorai 大 日 如來 , or 來（毗盧遮那佛）之手印；大日如來乃真言宗之中央佛。智拳
Vairocana, the central figure of Shingon Buddhism. The 印亦為一字金輪像（又稱金輪佛頂）之印相；此密宗尊格體現
mudra also identifies Ichiji Kinrin-zō 一字金輪像 , ‘One-word
Golden Wheel,’ also known as the Kinrin Butchō 金輪佛頂 , 諸佛和菩薩的品德。在日本佛教密宗傳統中，一字金輪為大日
‘Golden Wheel Buddha Crown.’ This class of esoteric deities 金輪，於金剛界曼荼羅中與大日如來的示現化身近似，以坐姿
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embodies the virtues of all Buddhas and bodhisattvas. In 呈現，頭頂和身軀皆有光環。
Japanese esoteric Buddhist tradition Ichiji Kinrin can be
distinguished as Dainichi Kinrin 大日金輪 and is similar 一字金輪立於蓮花座上，由天青藍色地子所襯托，頭頂圍繞著漩
in appearance to Dainichi Nyorai when he appears in the 渦色彩的單光環，此為平安時代（西元 794 年至 1185 年）引
Kongōkai mandara 金剛界曼荼羅 , or Vajradhātu (‘Diamond 入日本佛教藝術的表現手法。此作實為相當罕見的圖像，因為
World’) mandala, presented seated and with auras for both 鎌倉時代或更早時期的一字金輪像，多以端坐於蓮花座上呈現。
head and body.
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通幅繡工完全覆蓋了未染色的真絲平紋底面， 運用平面刺繡技
Ichiji Kinrin is presented standing on a lotus base against a 巧，以輪廓繡、緞面繡、長短繡交替運針，細節和輪廓則運用
celestial blue ground, his head surrounded by a single aura 捲線或撚線完成。人髮亦時而作為繡線描繪面容，於菩薩像髮
with swirling bands of colour—a pictorial device introduced to
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Japanese Buddhist art during the Heian period (794 to 1185). 間黑色絹絲的針腳，即可看見人髮的痕跡。
This is a very rare image, as the majority of representations of 圍繞佛像的花卉邊框也與繡品融為一體。原本花框的邊緣經重
Ichiji Kinrin dating from the Kamakura period and earlier all
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present the figure as seated on a lotus throne. 新裝裱修整，並添增紅色絲綾等構圖元素，現已褪色為柔和的
橙色。鎏金銅合金掛軸與懸掛配件似乎保留原始裝裱。
Most of the embroidery, which totally covers the undyed silk
tabby ground, is executed as floss silk surface embroidery, in 鎌倉時代（西元 1195 年至 1333 年）的刺繡相當罕見，目前
stem, satin and interlocking long-and-short stitches. Details 只知有其他三件作品，可與此非凡的一字金輪掛軸相媲美。與
and outlines are stitched with tightly twisted or plied silk 此一字金輪佛像關係最密切的掛軸，乃是藏於細見美術館的一
threads. Human hair has been used as thread to depict facial 幅小型大日如來端坐像（圖一），為日本國家指定文化財。兩
features. Traces of human hair can also be found among the 件繡品都保留色彩豐富的原始光彩，各自展現精妙之處，演繹
black floss silk stitches used to depict the figure’s coiffeur.
精湛圖像、繡工和染色，寶石和蓮花座等元素皆以鉅細靡遺的
The exuberant floral borders surrounding the icon are integral 細節刻畫，令人驚嘆。細見美術館的大日如來像保留所有原始
to the figure panel. The original edges of these borders were 的花框，展現茂盛的花卉麗景。

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