Page 42 - Bonhams Hong Kong Fine Chinese Works of Art December 2 2021

This boldly carved boulder belongs to an important group of closely 青白玉質，玉質瑩若霜雪，白中閃青，山頂雕山巖層疊，崖下雕桐木松
related jades carved with a luohan in a mountain grotto. The subject 樹，掩映石龕，石龕內雕達摩坐像，石台之下流水潺潺，山石峻立，山
matter may derive from a woodblock print on the theme, printed in 子背面浮雕鬆蔭層巒。
the 18th century catalogue Gu yu tu pu (古玉圖譜), attributed to the
Southern Song dynasty. The luohan depicted in the present lot may be 菩提達摩，為中原禪宗佛教的開創者，相傳在南北朝時期來到南朝
identified as Bodhidharma, the sixth luohan. 梁，但因與梁武帝話不投機，而轉投北魏於少林寺面壁閉關。

Bodhidharma, also known as Damo in Chinese, is the twenty-sixth 乾隆皇帝篤信佛教，他於1757年第二次南巡期間，到杭州西湖聖恩寺
Patriarch of Buddhism. He was a Buddhist monk of the 5/6th century 禮拜，並首次看到該寺收藏的貫休十六羅漢圖，對之大為欣賞，不但
and is accredited for being the leading transmitter of Buddhism 親筆在畫上題字御贊，亦命宮廷畫師丁觀鵬仿畫。此件山子上的贊文
to China. Often called the ‘Blue-Eyed Barbarian’ due to his rough 便出自乾隆御製《貫休十六應真像贊》，見《欽定四庫全書薈要，卷一
bearded facial features, he was regarded as always ill-tempered. 萬三千二百六十八集部：御製文初集卷二十九》。

Buddhism as the foremost state religion during the Qing dynasty 類似帶有銘文的玉雕十六羅漢贊山子之例，包括台北國立故宮博物
received great attention during the reign of the Qianlong emperor. The 院藏一件清乾隆玉達摩面壁山子，著錄於《宮廷之雅：清代仿古及畫
emperor ordered the Court painter Ding Guanpeng (1708-1771) to 意玉器特展圖錄》，台北，1997年，頁148，圖39。北京故宮博物院藏
paint the sixteen luohans after the original set by Guanxiu (823-912) 一例，見《故宮博物院藏文物珍品大系：玉器（下）》，上海，2008年，頁
that he had seen during his visit to Hangzhou in 1757. The inscription 76，編號56；大英博物館有兩件，一件未題詩的十八世紀玉雕羅漢山
carved on the present lot was part of the Qianlong emperor’s appraisal 子，其玉質及皮色和本拍品相類，以及另一件帶有題詩的青玉羅漢山
of Guanxiu’s painting, which was recorded in the Yu zhi wen ji chu ji 子，見J.Rawson，《Chinese Jade: From the Neolithic to the Qing》，倫
(Anthology of the Emperor’s Writings First Edition), vol.29. 敦，1995年，頁409-410，編號29:19及圖1；另見大都會博物館藏一件
十八世紀青玉雕御題詩羅漢山子（博物館編號02.18.640)。
Compare a related boulder similarly carved with a meditating
Bodhidharma in a grotto in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, dated 參看史蒂芬·瓊肯三世舊藏一件碧玉雕達摩圖山子，後售於紐約蘇富
to the Qianlong period, illustrated in The Refined Taste of the Emperor: 比，2020年9月22日，拍品編號213。
Special Exhibition of Archaic and Pictorial Jades of the Ch’ing Court,
Taipei, 1997, pl.39. Another example in the Palace Museum, Beijing,
is illustrated in The Complete Collection of Treasures of the Palace
Museum: Jadeware (II), Shanghai, 2008, p.76, no.56; two further
examples, one un-inscribed but of similar jade stone and inclusions,
17th-18th century, and another with an inscription, 18th century, in
the British Museum, London, illustrated by J.Rawson, Chinese Jade:
From the Neolithic to the Qing, London, 1995, pp.409-410, no.29:19
and fig.1; and one inscribed and carved with the luohan Kanaka, 18th
century, from the Heber R. Bishop Collection, is in the Metropolitan
Museum of Art, New York (acc.no.02.18.640).

See also a larger green jade ‘Bodhidharma’ boulder, Qianlong
period, from the Collection of Stephen Junkunc III, which was sold at
Sotheby’s New York, 22 September 2020, lot 213.

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