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                                                                                   Lion incense stick
                                                                                   holder, Dehua (Fujian),
                                                                                   late Ming dynasty, 17th
                                                                                   century, h. 25 cm,
                                                                                   inv. no. XLVIII:XI:
                                                                                   C.a.a.21


                                                                                   9
                                                                                   Lion incense stick
                                                                                   holder, Dehua (Fujian),
                                                                                   late Ming dynasty,
                                                                                   17th century, h. 12.4
                                                                                   cm, inv. no. XLVIII:XI:
                                                                                   C.a.a.18

 7        he has celestial status, and was probably  jewels, and stands with both front paws on
 Lion incense stick   originally part of the decoration on top of  a large brocaded ball. In appearance and
 holder, Dehua (Fujian),   a roof. Chinese roofs needed supernatural  posture he resembles a creature created by
 late Ming dynasty,   protection to repel invasion by evil spirits.    acrobats, with a man inside an ornamental
                                           4
 17th century, h. 39.5   The protective nature of lions was seen as fit   lion costume, who performs in a lion dance
 cm, inv. no. XLVIII:XI:   for that purpose.  and other theatricals. In other words, this
 C.a.a.26                                     lion is no longer a fearsome beast, but a
          Dating to the nineteenth century is a  playful and festive animal.
          number of pieces made in the Shiwan kilns at
          Foshan near Guangzhou. The kilns supplied   Of a similar nature is the pair of large lions
          architectural ceramics for local temples, and   in fig. 4, balancing brocaded balls with long
          also for Chinese temples overseas in Hong  streamers on their noses, and standing upright
          Kong and Vietnam. For example, the Quan   with their front paws on rocks. Holes near
          Cong Temple in Hoi An in Vietnam has a fine   the bases indicate where they were previously
          pair of roof ridge decorations in the form of   fixed to a larger architectural display. They
          the Sun God and the Moon Goddess. They   were bought from Bukowski’s in 1910, but
          resemble a pair of figures in the Victoria  had previously belonged to Countess Ella
          and Albert Museum (HMC CD.80/1&2),  von Rosen, wife of a commander in the
          acquired by Her Majesty’s Commissioners  Swedish Navy. A scion of the Moore family
          in 1871 for an International Exhibition. 5    of Philadelphia, Ella was the daughter of an
          At the same time the V&A received a large   energetic and well-educated mother who
          architectural finial shaped as a leaping fish  financed her husband’s scientific work and
 that these lions, purchased from Bukowski’s   Of later date is the roof tile in fig. 2, in the   (HMC CD.80/3), made to be placed at  wrote prolifically on marriage, divorce, self-
 in 1907, came directly from China, as roof   form of a mounted warrior on a lion. The  the end of a roof ridge. Brilliantly coloured   improvement and university education for
 tiles and architectural ceramics were popular   warrior is dressed in clothing and cap of  with turquoise, white and yellow glazes, it  women. She was also a passionate collector,
 with Westerners, and were easy for dealers  a kind worn by nomadic tribes from the  is stylistically similar to a lion with bulging   a trait that she seems to have passed on to
 to acquire. In China they had little intrinsic   Steppes. He is blowing a hunter’s horn,  eyes in the Hallwyl Collection (fig. 3). This   her daughter.
 value, and were not collected at that time.   but his fantastic mount indicates that  fantastic beast is adorned with ribbons and

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