Page 15 - Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as an Emerging Paradigm for Regenerative Therapy and Nano-Medicine

Life 2021, 11, 784 15 of 26

Table 2. Cont.

Disease Cell Source Exosome Content Mechanism of Action Reference
chorionic plate-derived
Downregulation of
Liver fibrosis mesenchymal stem miR-125b [104]
hedgehog signaling
cells (CP-MSCs)
proliferation and collagen
Liver fibrosis ADMSC miR-122 [106]
maturation of HSCs
Up regulation of PCNA and
hESC-derived cyclin D1, inhibition of the
Liver Injury Not given [107]
HuES9.E1 MSC APAP- and H 2 O 2 -induced
hepatocytes apoptosis
PI3K signaling, inhibition of
IL-6-related signaling
Acute liver Injury hUC-MSC miR-455-3p pathways, suppress [108]
monocyte/macrophage
activation
Suppress NLRP3
Acute liver failure miceADMSC miR-17 [109]
inflammasome activation
Inhibit cell proliferation,
Prostate cancer hADMSC miR-145 [113]
inducing apoptosis
Inhibited the growth of
Multiple Myeloma hBMMSC miR-15a [114]
MM cells
Activation of AKT and
Renal cancer hWJMSC HGF mRNA ERK1/2 signaling pathways, [115]
reduction of HGF expression
Human gastric hBMMSC VEGF Inhibition of [116]
carcinoma ERK1/2 activation
Nasopharyngeal FGF19-FGFR4-dependent
hBMMSC FGF19 [117]
carcinoma ERK signaling
miR-21, miR-34a,
PDGFR-β, TIMP-1, and
Breast cancer cell line hSDMSC TIMP-2, Inhibited cell death, [118]
(MCF-7) anti-proliferative effect
sphingomyelin, lactic
acid, glutamic acid
Osteosarcoma (MG63)
and gastric cancer hBMMSC Not given Hedgehog signaling pathway [120]
(SGC7901) cells
Inhibition of tumor growth
Mouse breast cancer
miceBMMSC miR-16 and angiogenesis, reduces the [121]
cell line (4T1)
VEGF expression
Prostate Reduction in VEGF secretion
Menstrual MSC Not given [122]
Adenocarcinoma PC3 and NF-κB activity, lower ROS
Promoted NKT-cell antitumor
Hepatocellular
ratADMSC β-catenin responses, low-grade tumor [123]
carcinoma
differentiation
Glioblastoma hBMMSC anti-miR-9 Reduced miR-9, cell surface [125]
multiforme P-gp
Hepatocellular miR-122-modified Enhancing cell sensitivity to
miR-122 [106]
carcinoma AD-MSC chemotherapeutic agents