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15 CBS News, “All in the Family,” September 21,
2003, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/04/25/60minutes/main551091.shtml.
16 Ibid.
17 Ibid.
18 The term “millionaire’s club” was frequently used to describe the U.S. Senate prior to
direct elections. In his addresses to the Senate on the history of that body, Senator Robert
Byrd of West Virginia has explained that this was how newspapers referred to the Senate
at the time. The Senate has revised and published some of these essays at the following
web
address: http://www.senate.gov/legislative/common/briefing/Byrd_History_Lobbying.htm.
19 Center for Responsive Politics, “Center for Responsive Politics Predicts ’06 Election Will
Cost $2.6 Billion,” news release, October 25,
2006, http://www.opensecrets.org/pressreleases/2006/PreElection.10.25.asp.
20 Center for Responsive Politics, “’04 Elections Expected to Cost Nearly $4 Billion,” news
release, October 21,
2004, http://www.opensecrets.org/pressreleases/2004/04spending.asp.
21 Michael Johnston, “From Thucydides to Mayor Daley: Bad Politics, and a Culture of
Corruption?” PS: Political Science and Politics 39, no. 4 (2006): 809–812.
22 Don Van Natta Jr., “Campaign Finance: Raising the Money,” New York Times, October
4, 1997.
23 For academic studies that find such a correlation, see Stacy B. Gordon, Campaign
Contributions and Legislative Voting: A New Approach (New York: Routledge, 2005). Also
see the work of her predecessors: A. Etzioni, Capital Corruption: The New Attack on
American Democracy (New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1984); A. Wilhite and J. Theilmann,
“Labor PAC Contributions and Labor Legislation,” Public Choice 53 (1987); P.M. Stern, The
Best Congress Money Can Buy, (New York: Pantheon, 1988); and L.I. Langbein and M.A.
Lotwis, “The Political Efficacy of Lobbying and Money,” Legislative Studies Quarterly 15,
no. 3 (1990).
24 Amy Goldstein, “Foster: White House had Role in Withholding Medicare
Data,” Washington Post, March 19, 2004.
25 Ibid.
26 Government Accountability Project, “Richard Levernier: DOE Nuclear Security
Specialist,” http://www.whistleblower.org/template/page.cfm?page_id=152.
27 Robert Pear, “Congress Moves to Protect Federal Whistleblowers,” New York Times,
October 3, 2004.
28 Philip Shenon, “A Nation Challenged: Airports; FAA Is Accused of Ignoring Security
Lapses,” New York Times, February 27, 2002.
29 Pear, “Congress Moves to Protect Federal Whistleblowers.”
30 Catherine Rampell, “Whistle-blowers tell of Cost of Conscience,” USA Today, November
24, 2006.
31 Grassley, Chuck, “Government Protection: Amending the Whistleblower Protection Act
to Make it More Effective,” Insight Magazine, February 2, 1998.
32 Ibid.
33 Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility, “Statement in Support of Complaint
of Prohibited Personnel Practices Against U.S. Special Counsel Scott J. Bloch,” March 3,
2005, http://www.peer.org/docs/osc/2005_3_3_osc_complaint.pdf.
34 Lachance v. White, 174 F.3d 1378 (Fed. Cir. 1999).
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