Page 222 - ترم ثاني كتاب تمريض صحة الام الكتروني

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2- External fetal monitoring

➢ Internal fetal monitoring:
Definition:

*An electrode is attached to the fetal ECG Invasive
• Internal monitoring can't be used unless the cervix dilated and the

membranes are ruptured to allow replacement of the scalp.
• The ultrasound probe (transducer) is applied to the mother's abdominal wall.
It detects movement of fetal cardiac valves or movement of blood in the fetal

heart and vessels

➢ Technique:

• Internal monitoring can't be used unless the cervix dilated and the membranes
are ruptured to allow replacement of the scalp.

• It requires cervical dilation at least 2cm to allow replacement of the scalp.
• Presenting part is low enough to allow placement of scalp.

• High skilled practitioner should be present and use aseptic technique.
• Placement a spiral electrode into fetal presenting part usually head to assess
FHR and record uterine contraction.

➢ Advantage:

1) more accurate in displaying an FHR between 30 and 240 b/min.

➢ Disadvantages:

1) Perforation of uterus or placenta of fetal damage due to misapplication in fetal
presentation wasn’t recognized.
2) Carry the risk of infection of scalp or amnion.

3) The insertion of electrode may cause bruising on the part of fetus that electrode
is attached.
4) Insertion of electrode may be un comfortable for mother.

5) It isn't recommended for women who have active herpes out breaks when they
are in labor.
➢ External fetal monitoring:

*Noninvasive fetal monitoring

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