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Results: Cannabis oil reduced total SCFAs by 8% (4.77±1.17 to 4.39±1.99 mM), while placebo
increased by 8% (6.87±2.4 to 7.43±2.8 mM). Acetic acid and isobutyric acid levels declined
in cannabis-treated patients (−11% and −75%, respectively), while butyric acid increased
by 12%, a greater rise than observed in the placebo (2%). These changes corresponded with
shifts in specific taxa: increased abundance of Phocaeicola vulgatus, Phocaeicola dorei,
Phascolarctobacterium faecium, and Bacteroides caccae—all associated with altered acetic
acid and branched SCFA production. Notably, cannabis oil suppressed Faecalibacterium
hattorii, Roseburia inulinivorans, and Akkermansia muciniphila, suggesting selective
microbial modulation. An increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was also observed in the
cannabis group, indicating directional shifts in microbial ecosystem balance.
Conclusions: Cannabis oil influences host–microbe interactions by modulating SCFA-producing taxa
and shifting metabolite output in the gut environment. These findings warrant further
investigation using integrated metagenomic and metabolomic approaches.
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