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74 THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF TAOISM VOL. I
Viewed from a social historical perspective, both natural and man-made
Taoist sacred sites featured extensive interaction between Taoists and lay wor-
shippers, who attempted to impose their interpretations and representations
on sacred space by means of a wide range of texts, including stele inscriptions,
gazetteers, murals, rituals, oral traditions, and dramatic performances. As
recent work on the Palace of Eternal Joy (*Yongle gong) and other temples
has shown, Taoist sites were diverse and complicated, and represented a mul-
tiplicity of meanings to different groups of patrons (Katz P. R. 1999, 16-17 and
50-SI; Miller T. G. 2000).
PaulR. KATZ
m Ward 1995; Brown 1982; Doub 1979; Hachiya Kunio 1990; Hachiya Kunio
1995; Hahn 1988; Hahn 2000; Little 2000b, 147-61; Miller N. 1982; Munakata
Kiyohiko 1991; Nara Yukihiro 1998; Naquin and Yii 1992; Schipper 1960; Schipper
I98sa; Stein R. A. 1990, 209-72; see also bibliography for the entry *TEMPLES
AND SHRINES
* TEMPLES AND SHRINES; for other related entries see the Synoptic Table of
Contents, sec. n.IO ("Temples, Abbeys, Shrines") and sec. II.n ("Mountains
and Mountain Monographs")