Page 147 - Accounting Principles (A Business Perspective)

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a. Explain to management why adjusting entries in general are made.
b. Explain to management why some of the specific accounts appearing in the trial balance may need adjustment
and what the nature of each adjustment might be (do not worry about specific dollar amounts).

Business decision case B A friend of yours, Jack Andrews, is quite excited over the opportunity he has to
purchase the land and several miscellaneous assets of Drake Bowling Lanes Company for USD 400,000. Andrews
tells you that Mr and Mrs Drake (the sole stockholders in the company) are moving due to Mr Drake’s ill health.
The annual rent on the building and equipment is USD 54,000.
Drake reports that the business earned a profit of USD 100,000 in 2010 (last year). Andrews believes an annual
profit of USD 100,000 on an investment of USD 400,000 is a really good deal. But, before completing the deal, he
asks you to look it over. You agree and discover the following:

Drake has computed his annual profit for 2010 as the sum of his cash dividends plus the increase in the Cash
account: Dividends of USD 60,000 + Increase in Cash account of USD 40,000 = USD 100,000 profit.
As buyer of the business, Andrews will take over responsibility for repayment of a USD 300,000 loan (plus
interest) on the land. The land was acquired at a cost of USD 624,000 seven years ago.
An analysis of the Cash account shows the following for 2010:
Rental revenues received $465,000
Cash paid out in 2010 for—
Salaries paid to employees $260,000
Utilities paid 18,000
Advertising expenses paid 15,000
Supplies purchased and used 24,000
Interest paid on loan 18,000
Loan principal paid 30,000
Cash dividends 60,000 425,000
In crease in cash balance for the year $ 40,000
You also find that the annual rent of USD 54,000, a December utility bill of USD 4,000, and an advertising bill
of USD 6,000 have not been paid.

a. Prepare a written report for Andrews giving your appraisal of Drake Bowling Lanes Company as an
investment. Comment on Drake’s method of computing the annual profit of the business.
b. Include in your report an approximate income statement for 2010.
Group project C In teams of two or three students, go to the library to locate one company’s annual report for
the most recent year. Identify the name of the company and the major products or services offered, as well as gross
revenues, major expenses, and the trend of profits over the last three years. Calculate trend percentages for
revenues, expenses, and profits using the oldest year as the base year. Each team should write a memorandum to
management summarizing the data and commenting on the trend percentages. The heading of the memorandum
should contain the date, to whom it is written, from whom, and the subject matter.

Group project D With one or two other students and using library and internet sources, write a paper on
Statement of Accounting Standards No. 106, “Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions”. This
standard resulted in some of the largest adjusting entries ever made. Companies had to record an expense and a
liability to account for these costs on an accrual basis. In the past they typically had recorded this expense on a cash
basis, recognizing the expense only when cash was paid to retirees. Be sure to cite your sources and treat direct
quotes properly.

Accounting Principles: A Business Perspective 148 A Global Text