Page 70 - NAME OF CONDITION: REFRACTIVE ERRORS

And no signs of proliferative retinopathy

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy One or more of the following:
 Neovascularization of the Disc or else where

 Vitreous / preretinal hemorrhage

International clinical diabetic retinopathy disease severity of diabetic macular edema
2 Major levels, with subcategories for diabetic macular edema

Proposed Classification Findings Observable upon Dilated Ophthalmoscopy
Diabetic Macular Edema Absent No retinal thickening or hard exudates in posterior pole
Diabetic Macular Edema Present Some retinal thickening or hard exudates in posterior
pole

Diabetic macular edema is classified into three types based on FFA findings:
 Focal exudative maculopathy

 Diffuse exudative maculopathy
 Ischaemic maculopathy.

Term clinically significant macular edema(CSME) is considered ,if one of the following
criteria are present on :
 Retinal edema or Thickening of the retina at or within 500µ of the centre of the
fovea.

 Hard exudates at or within 500 µ of the centre of fovea associated with adjacent
retinal thickening
 Retinal thickening of size 1DD, at least a part of which is within 1DD of the foveal
centre.

Advanced diabetic eye disease.

 Vitreous and preretinal haemorrhages occur as new vessels grow forward from
the retina and enter the vitreous where they bleed easily.
 Haemorrhages appear as reddish/dark opacities; preretinal or subhyaloid
haemorrhages.
 Retinal detachment.
 Rubeosis iridis .

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