Page 82 - NAME OF CONDITION: REFRACTIVE ERRORS

 Dominant drusen

 Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Type II
Wet AMD has to be differentiated from
 Angioid streaks
 Sub retinal neovascular membranes
 Myopic CNVM
 Choroidal melanoma

 Choroidal rupture
 Parafoveal telangiectesia.
IV. PREVENTION AND COUNSELLING

 Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials support the use of
antioxidant vitamins and minerals in patients with intermediate-risk AMD to
reduce the rate of progression to advanced AMD.
 The role of antioxidant supplements in the prevention of AMD or in slowing
progression of AMD for those with the early stages of the disease has not been
adequately answered in randomized controlled trials.

 Patients with intermediate AMD in one or both eyes and patients with
advanced AMD in one eye only or vision loss due to AMD in one eye should
consider taking antioxidants with zinc on a daily basis
 Self screening by the use of Amslers grid should be taught to the patients,
specially those in stage of intermediate AMD. The warning signs have to be
explained to them in order to recognise the shift to wet AMD earlier.
 Regular follow up of the patients is essential. The interval depends on the stage

of AMD.
 Rehabilitation of the patients who are already in the stage of advanced AMD by
use of low vision aids should form an important part of AMD management
protocol. .

V.OPTIMAL DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA, INVESTIGATIONS,

TREATMENT & REFERRAL CRITERIA

*Situation 1: At Secondary Hospital/ Non-Metro situation: Optimal

Standards of Treatment in Situations where technology and
resources are limited

The role of secondary level in diagnosis and treatment of AMD include:
 Early diagnosis

 Treatment
 Prevention of progression

82