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Fertility rate and mortality rate
The birth and fertility rates of Kerala have declined consistently over the
last 40 years. The crude birth
rate (CBR) per thousand persons
declined from 43.9 during
1951.1961, to 28.1 during
1971–1981, to 16.6 in 1993.
Kerala's fertility rate,
especially marital fertility
rate, was one of the highest
in India in the 1950s and 1960s. More recently, however, a relatively high
age at marriage and improvements in the education level and status of
women have kept the total fertility rate (TFR) and birth rate under control.
According to census estimates, the annual crude death rate per thousand
persons declined from 19.7 during 1951–1961 to 8.6 during 1971–1981.
the crude death rate for the first half of the 1990s was around 6 per
thousand. The infant mortality rate in Kerala has undergone a remarkable
