Page 11 - Ebook Digestive System Grade XI

Nutritions
Every living thing needs food to maintain life and carry out various
activities. Food has several functions, among them:
1. for growth;
2. as a source of energy for various activities;
3. replacing damaged or dead cells;
4. for the body's defense of things.
In order to be maximally useful, the
food consumed should contain various

essential substances (nutrients), for example
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals,
vitamins, water and food Fibrous. Such food
is called nutritious food. In addition, food
should be free from disease germs or
substances which nourishes the body, so that

the food is called hygienic food. Then no less
important, it should be food consumed is
adapted to the needs of the body, age, and
certain conditions. This is the so-called well-
off food. Therefore, every day you can
consume food as per the food guide pyramid.

Figure 1. Healthy food pyramid
Food that is good for the body is healthy, and nutritious food means food
that does not harm the body and has a good composition content of substances.
Based on its chemical composition, food substances consists of carbohydrates,
proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. By its function, food substances
can be grouped into three groups.
1. As an energy producer: carbohydrates and fats.
2. As a regulator: vitamins and minerals.
3. As a builder: proteins, minerals, water, and hormones
Next, in the following discussion, the content of substances that are in the diet.
Listen and understand the description
1. Carbohydrates
Strenuous activities such as the exercise we do require considerable
energy. This energy need can be obtained by eating foods that contain
carbohydrates. Carbohydrate is an organic compound composed of elements
such as C (carbon), H (hydrogen), and O (oxygen). These three elements will
be rented and bound to form various types of carbon drat. Based on their
structure, we know three types of carbohydrates: monosaccharides,
disaccharides, and polysaccharides.

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