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• Immune rejection – Many patients develop ADAs
within months, neutralizing the enzyme and
reducing efficacy. Some require
immunosuppressive regimens just to stay on
therapy.
• Cost burden – Annual treatment can exceed
$300,000 per patient, driven by complex
manufacturing and healthcare delivery costs.
• Access barriers – IV administration requires
trained personnel and infrastructure that’s often
unavailable outside major medical centers,
especially in low-income regions.

These challenges aren’t side effects—they’re structural
flaws in how the therapies are made and delivered.

A New Model: Oral Enzymes from Plants

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