Page 30 - Science Coursebook

2.4 Food webs and energy flow

You probably remember from Stage 7 that a food chain shows how energy is transferred
from one organism to another. The arrows show the direction of energy transfer.

Here are two food chains. Phytoplankton are microscopic plants that float in the

water. Zooplankton are microscopic, floating animals.
phytoplankton krill fi sh leopard seal

phytoplankton zooplankton squid leopard seal

Two food chains in the Southern Ocean (Antarctic Ocean).

killer whale

leopard seal
penguin

fi sh
squid

krill

phytoplankton zooplankton

A food web in the Southern Ocean (Antarctic Ocean).

Questions
These questions are about the Southern Ocean food web. To answer them, you
will need to remember what you have learnt about food chains.
1 Name the producer in the Southern Ocean food web.
2 Name three consumers in the food web.
3 Find a food chain with six organisms in it. (Start with the producer, and follow
the arrows.) Draw your food chain.

28 2 Living things in their environment