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À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ Õ’°¥â«¬ º≈°“√ ”√«®π’È· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁ𧫓¡πà“®–‡ªìπ∑’ˇ®â“æπ—°ß“πμ”√«®

CPD ®–ªÑÕπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√√«∫√«¡Õ¬à“߉¡à‡ªìπ∏√√¡‡¢â“‰ª„πÕ—≈°Õ√‘∑÷¡
(Algorithm) ‡ªìπ‡Àμÿ„Àâ√–∫∫§“¥°“√≥å œ ª√–¡«≈º≈ÕÕ°¡“„π≈—°…≥–∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ∏√√¡

·≈–‡ªìπ°“√‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—μ‘μàÕ∫ÿ§§≈º‘« ’Õ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π ´÷ËߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√√«∫√«¡‚¥¬
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‰¡à∂Ÿ°μâÕß·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∏√√¡≈—°…≥–π’ȇ√’¬°«à“ ç¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë °ª√°é À√◊Õ çDirty Dataé

πÕ°®“°μ—«Õ¬à“߇√◊ËÕßÕ§μ‘À√◊Õ°“√‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—μ‘„π√–∫∫ Predictive Policing System
·≈â« ¬—ß¡’μ—«Õ¬à“ߢÕß°“√‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—μ‘¢Õß AI Õ’°À≈“¬°√≥’∑’ˇ§¬‡°‘¥¢÷È𠇙àπ °√≥’∑’Ë∫√‘…—∑

Amazon æ—≤π“‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ AI ∑’˙૬§—¥°√ÕߺŸâ ¡—§√‡¢â“∑”ß“π∑’Ë¡’·π«‚πâ¡®–ªØ‘∫—μ‘ß“π‰¥â

Õ¬à“ß¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ·μà°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈¢Õß AI °≈—∫· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“ºŸâ ¡—§√‡æ»™“¬
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¡’·π«‚πâ¡ Ÿß∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫°“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°‡¢â“∑”ß“π¡“°°«à“ºŸâ ¡—§√‡æ»À≠‘ß À√◊Õ°√≥’∑’Ë
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ProPublica «“√ “√™◊ËÕ¥—ß„π New York ‡§¬√“¬ß“π«à“‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ AI ∑’Ë„™â„π°√–∫«π°“√
¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡∑“ßÕ“≠“ª√–‡¡‘π«à“ºŸâÀ≠‘ߺ‘«¥”¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬ߄π°“√°àÕÕ“™≠“°√√¡¡“°°«à“ºŸâ™“¬
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º‘«¢“« ‡ªìπμâπ

§ßªØ‘‡ ∏‰¡à‰¥â«à“ ªí≠À“§«“¡‰¡à‡∑à“‡∑’¬¡·≈–°“√‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—μ‘¢Õß AI ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°

°“√ªÑÕπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ (Input) ∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ ç¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ °ª√°é (Dirty Data) À√◊Õ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë√«∫√«¡

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Ibid.
(ÚÒ)
°“√ªÑÕπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°°“√√«∫√«¡¢Õß CPD ‡¢â“ Ÿà°“√ª√–¡«≈º≈¢Õß AI ∂Ÿ°μ—Èߧ”∂“¡À≈“¬ª√–°“√ Àπ÷Ëß
„ππ—Èπ°Á§◊Õ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢Õß CPD à«π¡“°‡ªìπ°“√√«∫√«¡®“°Õ“™≠“°√√¡∑—Ë«‰ª (Street Crime) ‰¡à√«¡∂÷ß

Õ“™≠“°√√¡§Õ‡™‘Èμ¢“« (White Collar Crime) ∑’Ë à«π¡“° √â“ߧ«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬„Àâ·°à —ß§¡Õ¬à“ß°«â“ߢ«“ß
¡“°°«à“Õ“™≠“°√√¡∑—Ë«‰ª ¥—ßπ—Èπ °≈ÿࡧπ∑’Ë°àÕÕ“™≠“°√√¡§Õ‡™‘Èμ¢“«¡—°‰¡à∂Ÿ°ª√–‡¡‘π«à“¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
„π°“√°àÕÕ“™≠“°√√¡‡À¡◊Õπ°—∫°≈ÿࡧπ∑’Ë°àÕÕ“™≠“°√√¡∑—Ë«‰ª.
(ÚÚ)
Daniel Gutierrez, AI Black Box Horror Stories-When Transparency Was Needed More Than
Ever [Online], October 2 2019. Source https://opendatascience.com/ai-black-box-horror-
stories-when-transparency-was-needed-more-than-ever/.
(ÚÛ)
ProPublica §◊Õ Õߧå°√¿“§‡Õ°™π —≠™“μ‘Õ‡¡√‘°—π∑’ˉ¡à· «ßÀ“º≈°”‰√ ¡ÿàß®—¥∑”«“√ “√·≈–√“¬ß“π„π‡™‘ß
◊∫ «π Õ∫ «π‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√¿“§√—∞μà“ß Ê ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®¢Õߪ√–™“™π.
(ÚÙ)
Daniel Gutierrez, AI Black Box Horror Stories-When Transparency Was Needed More Than
Ever [Online], October 2 2019.

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