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MODULE Come to Your Senses
2 SCIENCE CONNECTION: Using the Senses ..................................................98
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myNotes myNotes
Short
FIVE SENSES
Human beings have five senses — sight, hearing, taste, smell, and ? What Are the Five Senses? ........................................................104
Read WHAT ARE THE
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touch — that help us form a perception of our surroundings. Our
senses allow us to enjoy our world, learn more about it, and even
protect ourselves. When we see, hear, taste, smell, or touch something,
information travels to our brains to tell us what’s going on.
Smell Sight Taste
4 The olfactory nerve in 5 Our eyeballs have a lens at 6 Our tongues are covered with INFOGRAPHIC
the front and a retina at
the nose delivers
tiny bumps called taste buds,
Hearing Touch messages about smells, the back. The lens focuses or papillae (puh-pih-lee).
or aromas, to the brain. images onto the retina. When we taste something,
those images as pieces of
to the brain to identify the
distinguish among
2 We have an outer ear and an inner ear. 3 The sense of touch is experienced We can detect and The optic nerve sends the papillae send information
The outer ear acts like a cup to catch through the whole body. When we
sounds as they move past us. Sounds come into contact with something, seven different aromas: information to the brain. flavor. Taste buds detect four
The brain creates a three-
different flavors: sweet, salty,
camphor, musk, flower,
enter the inner ear through a spiral-shaped nerve endings in our skin send tactile mint, ether, acrid, dimensional image that sour, and bitter. Everything
tube called the cochlea. The auditory information to the brain. We can detect
nerve sends the sounds as information to four different sensations through and putrid. helps us tell how close we you taste includes one or
more of these flavors.
are to objects around us.
the brain. The brain uses this information touch: cold, heat, contact, and pain.
to tell us how far away sounds are and retina bitter
where they’re coming from. nerve olfactory brain lens optic nerve
hair nasal cavity sour
outer ear auditory nerve epidermis nerve
cochlea
dermis salt
sound aroma
104 sweet 105
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The Science Behind Sight ........................................................... 106
myNotes
by Louise Spilsbury
INFORMATIONAL TEXT
107
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myNotes
ANIMAL Animal Senses ....................................................................................126
SENSES
from Animal Atlas
from Animal Atlas
INFORMATIONAL VIDEO
127
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myNotes Blind Ambition....................................................................................132
BLIND
AMBITION
by Matthew Cooper as told to Rachel Buchholz by Matthew Cooper as told to Rachel Buchholz
photographs by Karine Aigner
PERSONAL NARRATIVE
133
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The Game of Silence ........................................................................142
myNotes
by Louise Erdrich • illustrated by Paolo Domeniconi
HISTORICAL FICTION
by Louise Erdrich illustrated by Paolo Domeniconi
143
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Performance Task
Write an Informative Article ..........................160
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