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Photojournalists captured the struggles and joys of families living through the
Great Depression. Left, a photo by Dorothea Lange, right, a photo by Gordon Parks.

the Texas and Oklahoma panhandles. This area became during his first 100 days in office. The New Deal—
known as the Dust Bowl. Roosevelt’s program to address the economic crisis—
created new government offices and 40 new agencies.
7 A Country in Crisis The effects of the
Depression were dramatic. About 300,000 businesses 10 The New Deal created jobs, fed and housed people in
closed. Unemployment skyrocketed from three percent need, and placed new safety regulations on banks and
before the crash to a peak of 25 percent. Family incomes the stock market. Still, the Great Depression would not
dropped by 40 percent on average and hundreds of fully come to an end until World War II began in 1939,
thousands lost their homes. putting businesses and people back to work
manufacturing supplies for the war effort.
8 Millions of Dust Bowl residents abandoned their ruined
farms and migrated west to start over. Many unemployed
men, and some women, rode the rails across the country,
seeking work. They were joined by approximately
250,000 teenagers hoping to ease the burden on their
families. In cities, millions lined up for free meals at “soup
kitchens.” The homeless built tent camps in city parks.

9 A New Deal for America In 1932, Franklin
Delano Roosevelt was elected president. Assuring
Americans that he would “wage war against the
emergency,” he pushed through fifteen major laws President Roosevelt speaks to the nation.

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