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                         MODULE              Good Times, Bad Times
                           5                     SOCIAL STUDIES CONNECTION: THE GREAT DEPRESSION .............................. 294








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                        A Crisis in
                        A Cr
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                     my Notes           myNotes  A Crisis in History .............................................................................. 300
                       Short
                        Histor
                       Read  A Cr isis in
                        Histor
                                  Photojournalists captured the struggles and joys of families living through the
                                             INFORMATIONAL TEXT
                       The stock market crash of 1929 shocked the nation.     Great Depression. Left, a photo by Dorothea Lange, right, a photo by Gordon Parks.
                       The stock market crash of 1929 shocked the nation.
                          OVERPRODUCTION: In the years before the crash,   the Texas and Oklahoma panhandles. This area became   during his first 100 days in office. The New Deal—
                       THE GREAT DEPRESSION   3  farms and factories had been producing more goods than   known as the Dust Bowl.  Roosevelt’s program to address the economic crisis—
                       WAS THE WORST ECONOMIC CRISIS IN
                       UNITED STATES HISTORY. IT BEGAN IN 1929   people could buy. When the crash came, prices collapsed.   A Country in Crisis The effects of the   created new government offices and 40 new agencies.
                                   The New Deal created jobs, fed and housed people in
                                7
                                Depression were dramatic. About 300,000 businesses
                          Many farms and businesses failed, putting Americans out
                       AND PERSISTED THROUGHOUT THE 1930s.   of work.  10  need, and placed new safety regulations on banks and
                       1 Black Tuesday The 1920s was an era of   4  BANK FAILURES: In the wake of the crash, fearful   closed. Unemployment skyrocketed from three percent   the stock market. Still, the Great Depression would not
                                before the crash to a peak of 25 percent. Family incomes
                       invention and industry in the United States. Millions of   customers lined up to withdraw their money from banks.   dropped by 40 percent on average and hundreds of   fully come to an end until World War II began in 1939,
                       Americans invested in stocks—small ownership   (Many banks had invested in the stock market). Banks   thousands lost their homes.   putting businesses and people back to work
                                   manufacturing supplies for the war effort.
                          were unable to hand over so much money at once. About
                       shares—in exciting new businesses. By 1929, the   Millions of Dust Bowl residents abandoned their ruined
                                8
                       investment craze had driven stock prices much higher   11,000—more than half of all U.S. banks—failed   farms and migrated west to start over. Many unemployed
                       than their actual value.  Then, on Tuesday, October 29,   nationwide. Millions of customers lost a total of one   men, and some women, rode the rails across the country,
                       1929, prices suddenly plummeted. They continued to   billion dollars in savings.
                       drop as panicked investors raced to sell their stock. At its   5  DECREASED SPENDING: As broke and wary   seeking work. They were joined by approximately
                                250,000 teenagers hoping to ease the burden on their
                       lowest point, the stock market lost 90 percent of its value.   consumers spent less money, businesses continued to fail.  families. In cities, millions lined up for free meals at “soup
                       That was in 1932. A share of U.S. Steel once sold for $262.   DROUGHT: In addition to falling crop prices, farmers in   kitchens.” The homeless built tent camps in city parks.
                       Now it sold for $22. Millions of investors lost everything   6
                       they owned.  the Plains region were hit with a series of severe droughts.   9 A New Deal for America In 1932, Franklin
                          These droughts persisted throughout the 1930s. Combined
                                Delano Roosevelt was elected president. Assuring
                       2 A Perfect Storm The Crash of 1929 was just   with over-farming and poor soil management, they led to   Americans that he would “wage war against the
                       one of several factors that combined to create the Great   massive dust storms that destroyed 100 million acres of
                       Depression. Others included the following:  farmland in southeastern Colorado, southwest Kansas, and   emergency,” he pushed through fifteen major laws   President Roosevelt speaks to the nation.
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                                    myNotes  Bud, Not Buddy .....................................................................................302
                           BUD,
                           Not
                           BUDDY             by Christopher Paul Curtis • illustrated by Lisa Fields
                                             HISTORICAL FICTION
                           by Christopher Paul Curtis
                           illustrated by Lisa Fields
                                     303
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                              he W
                             f t
                              he W
                             f t
                           Men o
                           Men of the Woods:  :  :   Men of the Woods: The Civilian Conservation Corps ........320
                                oods
                           Men o
                                oods
                           The Civilian Conservation Corps
                                             NARRATIVE NONFICTION
                           Above, men from a Civilian
                           Conservation Corps work group stand
                           on a log. At right, the Civilian
                           Conservation Corps Emblem Patch.
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                                             Stories of the Great Depression ...................................................330
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                                    myNotes
                                             VIDEO INTERVIEW

                            Stories of the
                            Great Depression
                                     331
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                           Children  myNotes  Children of the Great Depression ................................................336
                           OF THE GREAT
                           DEPRESSION
                                             by Russell Freedman
                           By Russell Freedman
                                             INFORMATIONAL TEXT
                                     337
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                                             Performance Task
                                             Write an Informational Article ................................................. 356
                                             Glossary ......................................................................... 360
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