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¢yÓ˚ò §yÌ# •y!ï˛Î˚yÓ˚ 2020

Îál ê˛yܲy òy!Ó Ü˛Ó˚ï˛ òyí˛zˆÏòÓ˚ ˆSÈyܲÓ˚yÓ˚y ≤Ã̈ÏÙ xfl∫#ܲyÓ˚ ܲÓ˚ï˛ñ ~ˆÏl ÙyÙ°y ܲÓ˚°ñ !ܲv ˆ•ˆÏÓ˚ ˆà°– §%!≤ÃÙ ˆÜ˛yˆÏê≈˛G ÙyÙ°yÓ˚
ï˛yˆÏï˛G Î!ò áˆÏjÓ˚ ˆãÑ˛ã˛yˆÏÙ!ã˛ Ü˛Ó˚ï˛ ï˛ˆÏÓ ÙyÓ˚ ˆáï˛– ܲálG ~ܲ•z ˛õ!Ó˚î!ï˛ ˆ•y°– •ï˛y¢ ˆÙÔ°yly ÷ô% ˆÎ §ÙhflÏ Ó˚yç˜Ïl!ï˛Ü˛
Î!ò ~ê˛y ˆÜ˛yl ˛õyÓ˚§# Óy ÙyÓ˚y!ë˛Ó˚ §ˆÏD ˆ•yï˛ ï˛ál !lŸã˛Î˚•z ܲyçܲÙ≈ ˆÌˆÏܲ §ˆÏÓ˚ ˆà° ï˛y•z lÎ˚ñ •zÎ˚Ç ˛õy!ê≈˛Ó˚ §ˆÏD §ÙhflÏ
˛õy•zˆÏôyl# ÌylyÎ˚ í˛y•z!Ó˚ •Ûï˛– ˛õ%!°§ ~ˆÏ° ˆÓ!¢Ó˚˲yà §ÙÎ˚ §ÇflÀÓG ˆSȈÏí˛¸ !ò°– ܲyÓ˚î ï˛yÓ˚ xyÓ˚ ~ˆÏòÓ˚ ˆÜ˛yl òÓ˚ܲyÓ˚ !SÈ°
ˆòáï˛ ˆòyܲyl Ó¶˛– xy¢˛õyˆÏ¢Ó˚ ˆòyܲylòyÓ˚Ó˚y !lˆÏçˆÏòÓ˚ lyñ ~Ùl!ܲ ~°yܲy ˆSȈÏí˛¸G ã˛ˆÏ° ˆà°– Ê˛ˆÏ° ~°yܲyÓ˚ !lÎ˚sfî
!lÓ˚y˛õ_yÓ˚ fl∫yˆÏÌ≈•z §y«˛ƒ !òï˛ ˆÎ ˆ§•z ˆòyܲyl ò#â≈!òl ôˆÏÓ˚•z §¡õ)î≈ ã˛ˆÏ° ˆà° •zÎ˚Ç ˛õy!ê≈˛ xyÓ˚ ï˛yÓ˚ ˆlï˛y òyí˛zò •zÓ y!•Ù
Ó¶˛– ˆÓã˛yÓ˚y á!Ó˚jyÓ˚ ˆÎ !ï˛!ÙˆÏÓ˚ !SÈ° ˆ§•z !ï˛!ÙˆÏÓ˚•z ˆÌˆÏܲ ܲy§Ü˛yˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ •yˆÏï˛– ˛õyáˆÏÙy!í˛Î˚y xyÓ˚ Ù%§y!Ê˛Ó˚áyly ~°yܲy
ˆÎï˛– ~•z âê˛ly=ˆÏ°y òyí˛zˆÏòÓ˚ ò°Ó°ˆÏܲ xyd!ÓŸªy§ Î%!àˆÏÎ˚!SÈ° ˛õ!Ó˚!ã˛ï˛ ˆ•y° òyí˛zˆÏòÓ˚ ~°yܲy ӈϰ–
!ܲ˲yˆÏÓ ˛õ%!°ˆÏ§Ó˚ ˆã˛yáˆÏܲ ˆôÑyܲy ˆòGÎ˚y ÎyÎ˚– •z!ï˛ÙˆÏôƒ ~ܲ!òl òyí˛zˆÏòÓ˚ òˆÏ°Ó˚ ~ܲ ˆSÈyܲÓ˚yñ ܲ!Ó˚Ù
1972 §yˆÏ° Ù•yÓ˚y‹T… !Óôyl§Ë˛y !lÓ≈yã˛ˆÏlÓ˚ Ùy§ !§!j!ܲÓ˚ ˲yˆÏ@¿ xy•ï˛ xÓfliyÎ˚ òyí˛zˆÏòÓ˚ ܲyˆÏSÈ ~ˆÏ§ ˆÜÑ˛ˆÏò ˛õˆÏí˛¸
áyˆÏlܲ xyˆÏà Óy§%Ó˚ §yܲˆÏÓ˚òÓ˚y !ӈϢ£Ïï˛/ Ó˚!¢òñ Óy§%ˆÏܲ ˆÎ •y!Ùò xyÓ˚ Ù!çò lyˆÏÙÓ˚ Óy§%Ó˚ ˆày¤˛#Ó˚ ò%•z ˛õyë˛yl ï˛yˆÏܲ á%Ó
ˆÓyV˛yˆÏ°y ˆÎ ï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ ~°yܲyÓ˚ !ÓôyÎ˚ܲˆÏܲ ÓòˆÏ° !òˆÏï˛ •ˆÏÓ– ˆÙˆÏÓ˚ˆÏSÈ– òyí˛zò ï˛ál•z ï˛yˆÏܲ Óy•zˆÏܲ ï%˛ˆÏ° !lˆÏÎ˚ •y!ÙˆÏòÓ˚ ˆí˛Ó˚yÎ˚
Óy§%Ó˚ ~°yܲyÓ˚ !lÓ≈yã˛l# ˆ«˛ˆÏeÓ˚ lyÙ !SÈ° í˛zÙÓ˚ày!í˛¸ xyÓ˚ ï˛yÓ˚ !àˆÏÎ˚ •yly !ò°– Ü˛í˛¸y ˲y£ÏyÎ˚ çy!lˆÏÎ˚ !ò° ˆflÀÊ˛ Óy§%òyòyÓ˚ Ù%á
!ÓôyÎ˚ܲ !SÈ° Ü˛ÇˆÏ@˝ÃˆÏ§Ó˚ ˆÙÔ°yly !çÎ˚yí˛z!jl Ó%áy!Ó˚– ~•z ˆã˛ˆÏÎ˚ ~ ÎyeyÎ˚ ï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ ˆSȈÏí˛¸ !ò°– !ܲv ~Ó˚Ü˛Ù Î!ò xyÓyÓ˚ •Î˚ñ
ˆÙÔ°ylyˆÏܲ Óy§% ÓÓ˚yÓÓ˚ §ÙÌ≈l G §y•y΃ ç%!àˆÏÎ˚ˆÏSÈ– Óy§%Ó˚ ï˛ˆÏÓ xyÓ˚ ≤ÃyˆÏî ÓÑyã˛ˆÏÓ ly– •y!Ùò ˆòᰠܲy°ˆÏܲÓ˚ ˆSȈϰê˛yÓ˚
ˆ°yܲçl•z ˆÙÔ°ylyÓ˚ •ˆÏÎ˚ Ó%Ì òáˆÏ° ˆÓ˚ˆÏá Îy ܲÓ˚yÓ˚ ܲÓ˚ï˛– ˆã˛yˆÏá Ù,ï%˛ƒ lyã˛ˆÏSÈ– òyí˛zò ã˛ˆÏ° ÎyÓyÓ˚ ˛õÓ˚ •y!Ùò ˆòÔí˛¸° Óy§%Ó˚
Óy§%Ó˚ l#!ï˛ !SÈ° §yôyÓ˚î ~ÓÇ fl∫y˲y!Óܲ– Úxy!Ù ˆï˛yÙyÎ˚ §y•y΃ òÓ˚ÓyˆÏÓ˚– !àˆÏÎ˚ Ó°°ñ Úòyí˛zò xy˛õlyˆÏܲ ÙyÈüȈÓyl ï%˛ˆÏ° ày!°
ܲÓ˚!SÈñ ï%˛!Ù xyÙyˆÏܲ §y•y΃ ܲÓ˚ˆÏÓ ÓˆÏ°– Îï˛!òl ˆï˛yÙyÓ˚ §y•yˆÏ΃ !òˆÏÎ˚ˆÏSÈ–Û ˆ§!òl Óy§%Ó˚ ˆÙçyç á%Ó áyÓ˚y˛õ !SÈ°– ~ˆÏܲ ˆï˛y
xyÙyÓ˚ xyÙòy!l •ˆÏÓ ï˛ï˛!òl•z xy!Ù ˆï˛yÙyÎ˚ §y•y΃ ܲÓ˚ÓÛ– ˆÙÔ°ylyÓ˚ ~ï˛ Óí˛¸ §y•§ ˆ§ Óy§%Ó˚ ˆ°yܲ l)Ó˚ Ù•¡øˆÏòÓ˚ !ÓÓ˚&ˆÏk˛
Óy§%Ó˚ ˆ°yˆÏܲÓ˚y e´ˆÏÙ•z ï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ ã˛y!•òy Óyí˛¸y!FSÈ°ñ ˆÎê˛y ˆÙÔ°ylyÓ˚ ÙyÙ°y ܲˆÏÓ˚ˆÏSÈ ï˛yÓ˚ í˛z˛õÓ˚ Ê%˛ê˛Ó° ÙƒyˆÏã˛ ï˛yÓ˚ !ê˛Ù ˆ•ˆÏÓ˚ ˆàˆÏSÈñ
˛õˆÏ«˛ xyÓ˚ ˆÙê˛yˆÏly §Ω˛Ó •!FSÈ° ly– Óy§% !§k˛yhs˝ !l° ˆÙÔ°ylyˆÏܲ ˆÎ !ê˛ˆÏÙÓ˚ í˛z˛õÓ˚ ï˛yÓ˚ xˆÏlܲ ê˛yܲy Óy!ç ôÓ˚y !SÈ°– ~•z xÓfliyÎ˚
•yÓ˚ˆÏï˛ •ˆÏÓ– ˆ§•z ÙyˆÏ§•z !lÓ≈yã˛l ˆ•y° xyÓ˚ ˆÙÔ°yly •yÓ˚° •y!Ùò ï˛yÓ˚ ܲyˆÏSÈ !àˆÏÎ˚ !Ê˛§!Ê˛§ ܲˆÏÓ˚ çyly° òyí˛zò ï˛yˆÏܲ ÙyÈüÈ
l)Ó˚ Ù•¡øò lyˆÏÙ ~ܲ xçyly xˆÏã˛ly Ù%§!°Ù °#à ≤ÃyÌ#≈Ó˚ ܲyˆÏSÈ– ˆÓyˆÏlÓ˚ lyˆÏÙ ày!° !òˆÏFSÈ– ÷ˆÏl•z Óy§% ˆï˛ˆÏ°ÈüȈÓ=ˆÏl çμˆÏ°
~•z ˆ°yܲ!ê˛ !SÈ° Óy§%Ó˚ ˆ°yܲ– !lÓ≈yã˛ˆÏlÓ˚ ˛õÓ˚ ˆÙÔ°yly ï˛yÓ˚ í˛zˆÏë˛ ï˛«%˛!î •zÓ y!•Ùñ Ó˚!•Ù xyÓ˚ §y!ÓÓ˚ˆÏܲ ï˛yÓ˚ òÓ˚ÓyˆÏÓ˚ •y!çÓ˚
•yˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ Ú!Ù!•Û Óò°y ˆlÓyÓ˚ çlƒ ~ܲ!òl •zÓ y!•ˆÏÙÓ˚ Óy!í˛¸ !àˆÏÎ˚ •ÓyÓ˚ çlƒ í˛yܲ ˛õyë˛y°– ï˛yÓ˚y !ï˛lçl ~ˆÏ§ Óy§%Ó˚ §yÙˆÏl òÑyí˛¸yˆÏ°
•y!çÓ˚ •ˆÏÎ˚ ≤ÃhflÏyÓ Ó˚yá° ~°yܲyÓ˚ lGˆÏçyÎ˚ylˆÏòÓ˚ !lˆÏÎ˚ §yÙy!çܲ Óy§%Ó˚ ˛õyˆÏ°yÎ˚ylÓ˚y ï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ !âˆÏÓ˚ òÑyí˛¸y°– Ó˚yˆÏà Ê%˛°ˆÏï˛ Ê%˛°ˆÏï˛
ܲyˆÏçÓ˚ çlƒ ~ܲˆÏçyê˛ Ü˛Ó˚yÓ˚– •zÓ y!•Ù ~ê˛yˆÏܲ ˆÙÔ°ylyÓ˚ Óy§% •zÓ y!•ÙˆÏܲ ӈϰ Úòyí˛zò xyÙyÓ˚ ÙyÈüȈÓyˆÏlÓ˚ lyˆÏÙ ày!° !òˆÏÎ˚ˆÏSÈ–
§ÙyçˆÏ§ÓyÓ˚ xD !•ˆÏ§ˆÏÓ ôˆÏÓ˚ !l°– ˆ§ ˲yÓˆÏï˛G ˛õyˆÏÓ˚!l ~Ó˚ §yçy GˆÏܲ ˆ˛õˆÏï˛•z •ˆÏÓ–Û ï˛yÓ˚ ˛õÓ˚ ày!°Ó˚ Ólƒy– ˆ¢ˆÏ£Ï
ï˛yÓ˚ ôÙ≈=Ó˚&Ó˚ ~ê˛y ~ܲê˛y ã˛y°– ܲyˆÏç•z ˆ§ ï˛yÓ˚ ˆSȈϰˆÏòÓ˚ ˆí˛ˆÏܲ §y!ÓÓ˚ˆÏܲ Ó°°ñ ÚÎál ˆï˛yÓ˚ Óy˛õ ˆï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ ˆáˆÏï˛ !òˆÏï˛ ˛õyÓ˚ï˛
ˆÙÔ°ylyÓ˚ ≤ÃhflÏyÓ ~ÓÇ ï˛yÓ˚ !lˆÏçÓ˚ §ÙÌ≈ˆÏlÓ˚ ܲÌy çy!lˆÏÎ˚ lyñ xy!Ù ˆï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ áyÓyÓ˚ ˆçyàyï˛yÙñ xyÓ˚ xyç ˆï˛yÓ˚y xyÙyÓ˚
~ܲyˆÏç ~!àˆÏÎ˚ ˆÎˆÏï˛ Ó°°– ˆSȈϰÓ˚y ôˆÏÓ˚ !l° ~°yܲyÎ˚ ~ÓÇ •yˆÏï˛•z ܲyÙí˛¸ !ò!°– !lÙܲ•yÓ˚yˆÏÙÓ˚ =!‹T– ˆÓ!Ó˚ˆÏÎ˚ Îy–Û §y!ÓÓ˚
xy¢˛õyˆÏ¢Ó˚ ˆSȈϰˆÏòÓ˚ ~ܲܲyRy ܲˆÏÓ˚ ï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ ≤Ã˲yÓ Óyí˛¸yˆÏly Óy!í˛¸ !Ê˛ˆÏÓ˚ ܲyߨyÎ˚ ˆË˛ˆÏ. ˛õí˛¸°– ï˛yÓ˚ §Ó≈çl◊ˆÏk˛Î˚ ÓyÓyˆÏܲ
ÎyˆÏÓ– xy¢˛õyˆÏ¢Ó˚ ˛õ!Ó˚ÓyÓ˚=!° •zÓ y!•ˆÏÙÓ˚ §ÙÌ≈l xyˆÏSÈ ˆòˆÏá Óy§% ~˲yˆÏÓ §ÓyÓ˚ §yÙˆÏl x˛õÙyl ܲˆÏÓ˚ˆÏSÈ– òyí˛zò ÷ˆÏl !§k˛yhs˝
ï˛yˆÏòÓ˚G §ÙÌ≈ˆÏlÓ˚ •yï˛ Óy!í˛¸ˆÏÎ˚ !ò°– ~•z ò°!ê˛Ó˚ lyÙ Ó˚yáy ܲÓ˚°ñ Óy§%Ó˚ ç!Ùòy!Ó˚ ˆ§ ôÁǧ ܲÓ˚ˆÏÓ–
ˆ•y° Ú•zÎ˚Ç ˛õy!ê≈˛Û– ~Ó˚y ~°yܲyÎ˚ ≤Ã̈ÏÙ §Ùyç ˆ§ÓyÓ˚ ܲyç òyí˛zˆÏòÓ˚ í˛z˛õ!fli!ï˛ ~°yܲyÎ˚ ô#ˆÏÓ˚ ô#ˆÏÓ˚ ¢!_´¢y°#
ˆÎÙl ~°yܲy ˛õ!Ó˚‹ÒyÓ˚ Ó˚yáyÓ˚ Ùï˛ Ü˛yç ܲÓ˚ï˛– ˆÙÔ°ylyÓ˚ !•ˆÏ§Ó •!FSÈ°– §Ùyç ˆ§ÓyÓ˚ çlƒ áÓ˚ã˛ ÓˆÏ° ï˛yÓ˚ ˆï˛y°yÓy!çÓ˚ •yï˛
!SÈ° ˛õˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ !lÓ≈yã˛ˆÏl ~Ó˚y•z •ˆÏÓ ï˛yÓ˚ xflf– ˆ§ ˆÓyˆÏ¡∫ •y•zˆÏܲyˆÏê≈˛ ˆÌˆÏܲ ôl#Ó˚y ˆÜ˛í˛z ÓÑyã˛ˆÏï˛ ˛õyÓ˚!SÈ° ly– ï˛yˆÏòÓ˚ ê˛yܲyÓ˚ ~ܲ xÇ¢
l)Ó˚ Ù•¡øˆÏòÓ˚ !ÓÓ˚&ˆÏk˛ çy!°Î˚y!ï˛ Ü˛ˆÏÓ˚ !lÓ≈yã˛ˆÏl ˆçï˛yÓ˚ x!˲ˆÏÎyà {ˆÏò Óy à!Ó˚ˆÏÓÓ˚ ˆÙˆÏÎ˚Ó˚ !ÓˆÏÎ˚ˆÏï˛ áÓ˚ã˛ •!FSÈ°ñ ~ܲ xÇ¢ ˛õy!FSÈ°

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