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Orchard of Delights
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Shema – considered by many to be Judaism’s fundamental declaration
of faith: “Hear [understand] O Israel, God our God, God is One”
(Deuteronomy 6:4).
Shemot Rabbah – the classical rabbinic Midrash on the book of
Exodus.
Shvat – the eleventh month of the Jewish year; the fifteenth day of
Shvat is referred to as Tu B’shvat, the New Year of the Trees.
Sifra – “the book;” a Midrash on the book of Leviticus.
Sifrei – “the books;” a Midrash on the books of Numbers and
Deuteronomy.
Slonimer Rebbe – Rabbi Sholom Noach Berezovsky; until his
death in 2000 he was the leader of the Slonim Chassidic
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community in Jerusalem; author of Netivot Shalom, a very
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popular commentary on the five books of Moses and the
holidays. It contains a separate section dealing with character
development.
Sod – the mystical or secret meaning, revealed by the Kabbalistic
tradition.
Sukkot – a seven-day holiday in the month of Tishrei during which
Jews live in temporary booths to commemorate their living
conditions in the desert following the exodus from Egypt; also
referred to as the Holiday of the Ingathering (of agricultural
produce). This holiday follows the Days of Awe – Rosh
Hashanah and Yom Kippur – and especially emphasizes joy.
Talmud – literally means “learning”; it is comprised of the Mishnah
(see above in the glossary) and the Gemara, a record of the
Sages’ extensive discussions as they clarified the Mishnah.
Along with the better known Babylonian Talmud codified in
the 6 century, there is also the Jerusalem Talmud completed
th
in the 3 century.
rd
Tanach – the Hebrew term for the twenty-four books of the Hebrew
Bible, comprising the Pentateuch, the Prophets, and the
Writings. The term is an acronym for Torah (the five books
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# Glossary
Pesach – “Passover”; a seven-day holiday in the month of Nisan
celebrating Israel’s redemption and exodus from Egypt.
Pesach is associated with eating matzot, the unleavened bread
prepared by the Jewish people when leaving Egypt.
Peshat – the straightforward or literal meaning of the text.
Rabbi Akiba – one of the most famous and influential of the Sages.
He was an important link in the transmission of both the Oral
Torah and the mystical tradition. He died a martyr’s death (135
CE) at the hands of the Romans after the failed Bar Kochba
rebellion.
Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson – the dynamic seventh leader
of the Chabad movement; during his over forty year reign he
established over 1,000 Jewish institutions in virtually every
corner of the globe and wrote prolifically; he was also known
simply as the Lubavitcher Rebbe.
Rabbi Natan – Rabbi Natan Sternhartz of Nemerov, Ukraine (1780-
1844) was Rebbe Nachman of Breslov’s foremost student. He
was responsible for compiling, editing, and printing Rebbe
Nachman’s teachings and was a prolific writer in his own
right.
Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi (1745-1812) – was the founder of
the Chabad Chassidic movement and author of the Tanya
and Shulchan Aruch Harav. He was a student of the Maggid
of Mezerich. Due to his attempts to mediate between the new
Chassidic movement and other Jewish groups he was arrested
by the Russian authorities. He was released and continued
to teach and write until his death when fleeing Napoleon’s
advancing army.
Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach (1925-1994) – legendary teacher, story
teller, prayer leader and composer of hundreds of famous
songs sung throughout the Jewish world. Often referred to as
the “father of modern Jewish music,” he was instrumental in
bringing Torah Judaism to Jews around the globe, especially
those estranged from their Jewish roots; he is also popularly
known as Reb Shlomo.
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