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Orchard of Delights
Vayikra Rabbah – the classical rabbinic Midrash on the book of
Leviticus.
World of Chaos – see Tohu.
World of Rectification – see Tikkun.
Yechidah – “single [unique] one”; the highest of the five levels of
soul, associated with the Divine aspect of soul.
Zohar – “brilliance”; one of the most fundamental and important
Kabbalistic texts; the basic mystical teachings taught by Rabbi
Shimon bar Yochai to his students and handed down through
the generations till they were compiled, edited, and publicized
in the early 1200s in Spain.
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21 Glossary
of the Bible. Some of the better known collections include the
Rabbah series on the five books of Moses (i.e., Bereishit Rabbah,
Shemot Rabbah, and so forth), Midrash Tanchuma, Pirkei
deRabbi Eliezer, Tanna Devei Eliyahu and Midrash Tehillim.
Other collections focusing more on legalistic subjects include
the Mechilta, Sifra, and Sifrei.
Mishnah – compiled and redacted by Rabbi Judah Hanasi (Judah
the Prince) in approximately 200 CE; it was the first such
compilation of the Oral Torah. Comprising six orders, the
Mishnah till this day forms the basis of the oral law.
Mishneh Torah – see Maimonides.
Mitzvah – “commandment” or law. There are 613 mitzvot (pl. of
mitzvah) in the five books of Moses; 248 positive and 365
prohibitive. In a broader sense the term also includes rabbinic
laws and is also used to refer to good deeds.
Musaf – “additional;” an additional prayer service recited on Shabbat
and holidays.
Nachmanides – Rabbi Moses ben Nachman (1194-1270) is known by
the acronym Ramban; a great scholar and important link in the
transmission of the Kabbalistic tradition. In 1263 he valiantly
defended Judaism in front of the king and representatives of
the Catholic Church. Although he won the debate, or perhaps
because he won it, he had to flee the country. He came to Israel
in 1267 and lived there till his death a few years later
Nazir – refers to a person who would take an oath to refrain from
eating or drinking any product from the grape and also from
cutting his or her hair for a period of time. The source for this
mitzvah appears in the book of Numbers (6:1-21).
Nefesh - “creature” or “soul”; more specifically it relates to the lowest
of the five levels of soul, sometimes referred to as the “animal
soul,” associated with the instinctive or behavioral aspect of
soul.
Neshamah – “soul”; the third ascending level of soul is deemed the
seat of the intellect.
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