Page 205 - IELTS Preparation Grammar and Vocab

Gender issues 31
EU WORD TRANSFORMATION Complete the text with the correct forms of the words in capitals at
the ends of the lines.
eauairkii

The positive outcomes of sport for gender (0) EQUAL

and women's
empowerment are constrained by gender-based (1) DISCRIMINATE
in all
areas and
at all levels of sport and physical (2) This is fuelled by continuing ACT
stereotypes of women's physical (3) ABLE
and social roles. Women are

COMPETE
frequently segregated involuntarily into types of sports, events and (4)

LEADER
specifically targeted at women. Women's access to positions of (5)
and (6) -making is constrained from the local to the international level. DECIDE
The value placed on women's sports is often lower, resulting in (7)

ADEQUATE
resources and (8) wages and prizes. In the media, women's sport is not EQUAL
only marginalised but often also presented in a different style that reflects and reinforces
gender stereotypes.
2.4 0 41 Listen to someone talking about gymnastics. Are these statements true (T) or false (F)
according to the speaker?

1 The speaker started doing competitive gymnastics in her late teens.
The speaker was physically different from the majority of other gymnasts.
2
3 She has always known that gymnastics is generally considered to be a female sport.

4 Gymnastics is regarded as a feminine sport because participants do not need to be openly aggressive.
5 The speaker doesn't believe that attitudes towards gender stereotyping will change in the near future.
121 WORD BUILDING Complete the table with words which V Vocabulary note
have related meanings.
stand out = be visibly different/be
Noun Verb Adjective clearly visible: My larger frame and
muscular physique stood out among most
categorise x
other gymnasts.
(thing) contribute Other phrasal verbs with stand:
(person) stand by = not act to prevent
discriminate something: I should not have stood by
while she was bullied.
equalise equal
not stand for = refuse to accept: I will not
involve stand for rude behaviour
stand in for = do someone else's job: My
perpetuate
colleague stood in for me when ! was ill.
x neutral stand up for = defend and fight for:
It's important to stand up for what you
believe in.
crll Match the words in the box with less formal words which
have similar meanings.
complete deem overt participate predominantly pursue

5 open
1 do 3 finish

2 consider 4 mainly 6 take part in
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