Page 38 - Modul Academic Writing

… Quiz …
Below are several excerpts of research paper example. The excerpts are taken
from different chapters of that example. Decide which ones belong to Methods
chapter. Mark [√] for what should be included in Methods chapter, and mark [X]
for those which should not be in it.

1. The participants were recruited by advertisement in a newspaper and
were paid $4.50.

2. Current theories focus on personal characteristics to explain wrongdoing
and to explain how someone can intentionally harm others.

3. Most theories suggest that only very disturbed people are capable of
administering pain to an ordinary citizen if they are ordered to do so.

4. A "shock generator" was used to trick the participants into thinking that
they were giving an electric shock to another person in another room.

5. The switches were also labeled with terms which reminded the participant
of how dangerous the shocks were.

6. It provides evidence that this dynamic is far more important than
previously believed, and that personal ethics are less predictive of such
behavior.
Taken from explorable.com

After identifying the sentences that belong to Methods chapter, can you explain
why each sentence has two verbs with pas participle?
… Tip …
 In Methods chapter, Passive voice is often used.
 Passive voice rule:
Be + past participle*
 The person or thing that performs the action is not necessary to be
mentioned.

*Past participle is also known as Verb 3.
*Be should transform depending on the number of subject and/or the tenses (whether
present or past) .

To highlight the most important participants or events
in your research, you have to place them at the

beginning of your sentence. Therefore, you have to use

passive voice.

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