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Checking the status of your amended re- The Taxpayer Advocate How Can You Reach TAS?
turn. Go to IRS.gov/WMAR to track the status Service (TAS) Is Here To
of Form 1040-X amended returns. Help You TAS has offices in every state, the District of
Note. It can take up to 3 weeks from the What Is TAS? Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Your local advo-
cate’s number is in your local directory and at
date you filed your amended return for it to TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov/Contact-Us. You
show up in our system, and processing it can TAS is an independent organization within the can also call them at 877-777-4778.
take up to 16 weeks. IRS that helps taxpayers and protects taxpayer
rights. Their job is to ensure that every taxpayer
Understanding an IRS notice or letter is treated fairly and that you know and under- How Else Does TAS Help
you’ve received. Go to IRS.gov/Notices to stand your rights under the Taxpayer Bill of Taxpayers?
find additional information about responding to Rights.
an IRS notice or letter. TAS works to resolve large-scale problems that
Note. You can use Schedule LEP (Form How Can You Learn About Your affect many taxpayers. If you know of one of
these broad issues, report it to them at IRS.gov/
1040), Request for Change in Language Prefer- Taxpayer Rights? SAMS.
ence, to state a preference to receive notices,
letters, or other written communications from The Taxpayer Bill of Rights describes 10 basic TAS for Tax Professionals
the IRS in an alternative language. You may not rights that all taxpayers have when dealing with
immediately receive written communications in the IRS. Go to TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov to
the requested language. The IRS’s commitment help you understand what these rights mean to TAS can provide a variety of information for tax
to LEP taxpayers is part of a multi-year timeline you and how they apply. These are your rights. professionals, including tax law updates and
that is scheduled to begin providing translations Know them. Use them. guidance, TAS programs, and ways to let TAS
in 2023. You will continue to receive communi- know about systemic problems you’ve seen in
cations, including notices and letters in English What Can TAS Do for You? your practice.
until they are translated to your preferred lan-
guage. TAS can help you resolve problems that you Low Income Taxpayer
can’t resolve with the IRS. And their service is Clinics (LITCs)
Contacting your local IRS office. Keep in free. If you qualify for their assistance, you will
mind, many questions can be answered on be assigned to one advocate who will work with
IRS.gov without visiting an IRS TAC. Go to you throughout the process and will do every- LITCs are independent from the IRS. LITCs
IRS.gov/LetUsHelp for the topics people ask thing possible to resolve your issue. TAS can represent individuals whose income is below a
about most. If you still need help, IRS TACs help you if: certain level and need to resolve tax problems
provide tax help when a tax issue can’t be han- • Your problem is causing financial difficulty with the IRS, such as audits, appeals, and tax
dled online or by phone. All TACs now provide for you, your family, or your business; collection disputes. In addition, LITCs can pro-
service by appointment, so you’ll know in ad- • You face (or your business is facing) an vide information about taxpayer rights and re-
vance that you can get the service you need immediate threat of adverse action; or sponsibilities in different languages for individu-
without long wait times. Before you visit, go to • You’ve tried repeatedly to contact the IRS als who speak English as a second language.
IRS.gov/TACLocator to find the nearest TAC but no one has responded, or the IRS Services are offered for free or a small fee for
and to check hours, available services, and ap- hasn’t responded by the date promised. eligible taxpayers. To find an LITC near you, go
pointment options. Or, on the IRS2Go app, un- to TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov/about-us/Low-
der the Stay Connected tab, choose the Con- Income-Taxpayer-Clinics-LITC or see IRS Pub.
tact Us option and click on “Local Offices.” 4134, Low Income Taxpayer Clinic List.

Glossary

Amortization: A ratable deduction Depreciation: Ratable deduction due to its name, reputation, or any Real property: Land and generally
for the cost of certain intangible allowed over a number of years to other factor. anything erected on, growing on, or
property over the period specified recover your basis in property that is attached to land, for example, a
by law. Examples of costs that can used more than 1 year for business Intangible property: Property that building.
be amortized are goodwill, agree- or income producing purposes. can't be perceived by the senses
ment not to compete, and research such as goodwill, patents, copy- Recapture: Amount of depreciation
and mining exploration costs. Fair market value (FMV): FMV is rights, etc. or section 179 deduction that must
the price at which property would be reported as ordinary income
Business assets: Property used in change hands between a buyer and Like-kind property: Items of prop- when property is sold at a gain.
the conduct of a trade or business, a seller, neither having to buy or sell, erty with the same nature or charac-
such as business machinery and of- and both having reasonable knowl- ter. The grade or quality of the prop- Section 179 deduction: This is a
fice furniture. edge of all necessary facts. erties doesn't matter. Examples are special deduction allowed against
two vacant plots of land. the cost of certain property pur-
Capitalization: Adding costs, such Going concern value: Going con- chased for use in the active conduct
as improvements, to the basis of as- cern value is the additional value Modified Accelerated Cost Re- of a trade or business.
sets. that attaches to property because covery System (MACRS) prop-
the property is an integral part of an erty: Buildings (and their structural Section 197 intangibles: Certain
Depletion: Yearly deduction al- ongoing business activity. It includes components) and other tangible de- intangibles held in connection with
lowed to recover your investment in value based on the ability of a busi- preciable property placed in service the conduct of a trade or business or
minerals in place or standing timber. ness to continue to function and after 1986 that is used in a trade or an activity entered into for profit, in-
To take the deduction, you must generate income even though there business or for the production of in- cluding goodwill, going concern
have the right to income from the ex- is a change in ownership. come. value, patents, copyrights, formulas,
traction and sale of the minerals or franchises, trademarks, and trade
the cutting of the timber. Goodwill: Goodwill is the value of a Personal property: Property, such names.
trade or business based on expec- as machinery, equipment, or furni-
ted continued customer patronage ture, that isn't real property.
Publication 551 (December 2022) Page 13