Page 45 - Understandinging Forensic Technology Landscape

Network graphing: (see Link analysis) Script: An automated series of instructions carried out in
a specific order.
Optical character recognition (OCR): The use of
technology to distinguish printed or handwritten text SMS, MMS messages: SMS stands for Short Message
characters inside digital images of physical documents, Service and is the most widely used type of text
such as a scanned paper document. messaging. With a SMS, you can send a message of up
to 160 characters to another device. Longer messages
Open-source intelligence (OSINT): Describes a are normally split up into multiple messages. MMS
variety of tools and approaches to investigating the stands for Multimedia Messaging Service. With an MMS,
backgrounds of corporate entities and individuals you can send a message including pictures, video or
leveraging publicly available data audio content to another device.
62
Predictive coding: A technology-assisted review process SOC auditing: SOC for Service Organizations reports
involving the use of ML or algorithmic approaches to are designed to help service organizations that provide
distinguish relevant from non-relevant documents.
58
services to other entities, build trust and confidence
Private blockchain (centralized): A permissioned in the service performed and controls related to the
blockchain that works based on access controls that services through a report by an independent CPA. Each
restrict the people who can participate in the network. type of SOC for Service Organizations report is designed
59
to help service organizations meet specific user needs:
Public blockchain (fully decentralized): A • SOC 1 — SOC for Service Organization: ICFR — Report
®
permissionless blockchain in which anyone can join on Controls at a Service Organization Relevant to User
the network and read, write, or participate within the Entities’ Internal Control over Financial Reporting
blockchain.
60
• SOC 2 — SOC for Service Organizations: Trust
®
Query/querying: A set of instructions the database Services Criteria — Report on Controls at a Service
software follows to perform certain actions on the data Organization Relevant to Security, Availability,
contained in the database. Processing Integrity, Confidentiality or Privacy

®
Seed set: A collection of pre-categorized documents • SOC 3 — SOC for Service Organizations: Trust
that is used as the initial training for a predictive coding Services Criteria for General Use Report
system or the initial training set provided to the learning Structured data: Data that have been created and
algorithm in an active learning process.
formatted according to a defined model, and stored in a
Semi-structured data: A data set that contains repository (such as a database), in a manner that allows
some mix of structures and unstructured elements. further analysis. Examples are tables that contain dates,
Semi-structured data typically maintains internal tags phone numbers, ZIP codes, Social Security numbers
and markings that identify separate data elements, and names.
which enables information grouping and hierarchies.
61

58 Predictive Coding Technologies and Protocols: Overview and Survey, Complex Discovery, complexdiscovery.com/predictive-coding-technologies-and-protocols-overview-and-survey/,
accessed March 18, 2020
59 Public vs. Private Blockchain: A Comprehensive Comparison, Blockchain Council, blockchain-council.org/blockchain/public-vs-private-blockchain-a-comprehensive-comparison/,
accessed March 9, 2020
60 See footnote 56
61 Structured v. Unstructured Data, Datamation, datamation.com/big-data/structured-vs-unstructured-data.html, accessed September 4, 2019
62 What’s the difference between SMS and MMS?, Twigby, twigby.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/115010624828-What-s-the-difference-between-SMS-and-MMS-, accessed
February 20, 2020, accessed March 9, 2020

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