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Development Aid

“Izandla ziyagezana” - “Hands Wash Each Other”

sustained commitment to agreed programmes. Less disruptive than the seemingly
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unending threats (and actuality) by major 'zuŋ u donor countries to turn off Aid. (Everyone has
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seen several 'zuŋ u donor governments employ this bludgeoning tool - and the accompanying cries from Aid
professionals as to how much harm this causes the people and their families who depend on there being a
continuity of Aid delivery.)
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Development & Democracy & Leadership

Openness and people involvement has a role in Economic Development but that does not

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have to mean the adoption of flawed 'zuŋ u 'ideal' of democracy.
"If the Nuremberg laws were applied, then every post-war American president would have
been hanged."

Noam Chomsky 417
"Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media". 466
Documentary, Biography, War, www.imdb.com. 1992.
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"We, in Africa, have no more need of being 'converted' to socialism than we have of being
'taught' democracy. Both are rooted in our past -- in the traditional society which produced
us."

Julius Nyerere

"Decisions made in Washington are more important to us than those made here in Dar es-

Salaam. So, maybe my people should be allowed to vote in American presidential
elections."
Julius Nyerere
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"If the United States of America or Britain is having elections, they don't ask for observers
from Africa or from Asia. But when we have elections, they want observers."
Nelson Mandela
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“ ...western non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and multinational companies are in

many cases fulfilling many of the state's legitimate functions, thereby weakening these
states' accountability to their citizens.......

western development initiatives for Africa fail to recognise the level of control wielded by
international NGOs and multinationals in comparison with often weak political regimes.
As a result, ... offers such as debt relief, investment and aid in return for political reform

were simplistic and unrealistic “