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(2006) recommended that whenever a crime is suspected to have been committed from a

system in a public cybercafé, the owner of the cafe maybe questioned and his or her records
examined to identify the offender. It may be necessary also to seek the assistance of the

Internet service provider (ISP) concerned.

Ndubueze and Igbo (2014) emphasized that there is need for radical change in policing to
suite technology-driven world. Therefore, cyber-policing, which is driven by concept that is

different from the traditional law enforcement model, is the answer. Ndubueze (2014)
observed the role of ISPs in safeguarding the Nigerian cyberspace. To him, they can play

gate-keeping functions and are also required by law to detect, prevent and report any of their

criminal-minded clients to relevant law enforcement authorities.

Adeniran (2011) reported that, the Nigerian government in 2002 established Economic and

Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) to specifically fight against crimes perpetrated by

Yahoo-Boys and to relieve the over-burden and multitasking Nigeria Police Force (NPF).
Balogun and Obe (2010:349) added that:

The Nigerian government has launched and is enforcing the
Nigerian cyber-crime laws aimed at ensuring the security of
computer systems and networks and protection of critical ICT
infrastructure in Nigeria through the Nigerian Cybercrime
Working Group (NCWG). This group is made up of (the Nigeria
Police Force, National Security Adviser, Department of State
Service), security/intelligence (EFCC, National Intelligence
Agency), ICT agencies of government (Nigerian Communication
Commission), plus major private organizations in the ICT sector
(like Internet Service Provider’s Association of Nigeria, NITDA).

Moreover, various steps were taken ranging from legislation to collaboration with global

cybercrime enforcement agencies at for-front of combating the menace (Balogun & Obe,
2010). In 2006, a bill for establishment of Advance Fee fraud Act was signed into law. This

development primarily saddles EFCC the responsibility of dealing with online fraudsters.
Immediately after that, EFCC visited cybercafés in Lagos. Notorious hideouts of Yahoo-Boys

such as Ikeja, Lagos Mainland, Festac Town, and Lagos Island have not been spared

(Adeniran, 2008).

However, despite the efforts put in place by government through her enforcement agencies,

the fight against cybercrime has been difficult to win. The Yahoo-Boys are hardly identified

due to the complex nature of the crime and investigation (that need to be carried out for
proper prosecution) and Ndubueze (2012) noted that the effort of the EFCC to control

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