Page 147 - Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities

128 Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities What Are Analytics? 129

Smart Land Use

It has always been understood that there is an extremely close relationship be-
tween land use within various zones of the city and the demand for transporta-
tion. This is currently determined through the use of mathematical simulation
modeling techniques. The use of urban analytics will enable us to make use
of observed data regarding the demand for transportation and the behavior of
transportation users in the smart city. Observed trip generation rates for differ-
ent land uses can also be determined from national probe data and data from
infrastructure-based sensors to enable us to have a high-resolution picture of
the demand generated by each zone within a smart city. Observed actual trips
between zones can also be combined with data regarding retail transactions to
go beyond the definition of volume and to provide additional information on
why travelers are traveling. These analytics could be combined into a single land
value transportation index that would characterize the change in the value of
the land within the zone in relation to the mobility and accessibility associated
with the zone. This could also support the definition of a zone accessibility in-
dex for various trip purposes such as work, education, and leisure.

Strategic Business Models and Partnering
Strategic business models and partnering refers to an indirect set of services
to be provided in the smart city. These could be viewed as enabling services
that provide support for the services that deliver direct transportation. Business
models and partnering can be characterized by an analytic that shows the pro-
portion of private sector investment compared to total investment in a smart
city. Another analytic that defines the number of partnerships compared to the
improvement in service delivery for each private sector dollar invested could
also shed light on the efficiency of the partnerships. This is an important aspect
of smart cities that does not deliver smart city transportation services directly,
but that can have a significant impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of ser-
vice delivery. Public private partnerships for toll roads have also demonstrated
that effective engagement of the private sector can substantially accelerate the
deployment of projects and technologies. Such partnerships are likely to in-
volve the work required to establish smart city transportation services and the
resources required to deliver them.
Transportation Governance

The efficiency and effectiveness of transportation governance could be ad-
dressed through a number of different analytics. For example, an analytic that
defines transportation efficiency for each dollar spent could be used to show
the relationship between investment and improvements in transportation ef-
ficiency. Another way to measure the effectiveness of transportation governance
would be to show how closely supply and demand are being matched. This