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50 Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities What Is Big Data? 51

Table 3.10
Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Data Sources
Connected and Autonomous Vehicles
Vehicle operating data
Vehicle location
Instantaneous vehicle speed
Vehicle ID
Driver status
Driving behavior

Table 3.11
Smart Cities Additional Data Sources
Smart Cities
Movement analytics based on smart phone position data
Crowd-sourced data service
Social sentiment and user perception

Archive Data

In recognition of the data possibilities associated with the application of ad-
vanced technologies to transportation, the U.S. Department of Transportation
in its National ITS Architecture Development Program introduced this user
service category. It defines the extraction of data from all the other application
areas for the purposes of system and performance management.
Table 3.12 lists a sample of data possibilities.
Maintenance and Construction Operations
Maintenance and construction operations involve the activities associated with
updating and creating transportation infrastructure. This includes asset man-
agement and the various aspects of project management involved in construc-
tion and implementation. Table 3.13 lists a sample of the data possibilities.

3.8 Transportation Systems Management and Operations

Data possibilities have been grouped into application areas because data tends
to be siloed into these categories at the current time. Transportation consists
of a series of specialized focus areas within which specific data is collected and
utilized. It has also been observed that in many cases the data coming into
a transportation organization emanates from operations and may not neces-
sarily find its way to other departments, such as planning and design. This is