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Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
TABLE OF CONTENTS
No. Title Page
Levels of Evidence and Formulation of Recommendation i
Key Recommendations ii
Guidelines Development and Objectives iv
Development Group vii
Review Committee viii
External Reviewers ix
Algorithm 1: Diagnosis of SLE x
Algorithm 2: Treatment of Non-Renal SLE xi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. RISK FACTORS 2
3. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 3
4. INVESTIGATIONS 5
5. DIAGNOSIS AND CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA 9
6. PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT 11
6.1 Disease Assessment 11
7. TREATMENT 15
7.1 Non-Pharmacological Treatment 15
7.2 Pharmacological Treatment 16
a. Corticosteroids 16
b. Antimalarial (Hydroxychloroquine) 17
c. Immunosuppressants (Azathioprine, 19
Methotrexate, Calcineurin Inhibitors,
Cyclophosphamide, Leflunomide,
Mycophenolate mofetil)
d. Biologics (Belimumab, Rituximab, Anifrolumab) 22
e. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 24
f. Others (Plasma exchange/Plasmapheresis, 24
Intravenous immunoglobulin)
8. SPECIFIC CLINICAL MANIFESTATION 27
8.1 Lupus Nephritis 27
8.2 Mucocutaneous 28
8.3 Neuropsychiatry 28
8.4 Haematology 28
8.5 Cardiorespiratory 29
