Page 121 - BSAVA Guide to Pain Management in Small Animal Practice

BSAVA Guide to Pain Management in Small Animal Practice

VetBooks.ir Ketamine should be given as a loading dose should not be used. Butorphanol has a rapid
onset of action but has only mild analgesic
bolus of g kg followed by a CRI of
e ects and should be avoided. Buprenorphine
1 g kg min. Lidocaine re uires a slow
intravenous loading dose of 1 mg kg, followed might have similar analgesic e ects in cats to
by a CRI of 6 g kg min. full mu opioids; however, it takes 4
minutes for full e ect to be reached, which is
not appropriate in an emergency.

Non steroidal anti in ammatory drugs NSAI s
should be avoided initially in every emergency
patient due to their prostaglandin-mediated
side e ects renal and gastric blood ow . Epstein E, Rodan I, ri enhagen et al. 1 a 1 AA A
AAFP pain management guidelines for dogs and cats. Journal
NSAI s can be added in later once blood of Feline Medicine and Surgery 17, 1 7
pressure is stabilized and hydration and blood Epstein E, Rodan I, ri enhagen et al. 1 b 1 AA A
volume status addressed. Alpha agonists, AAFP pain management guidelines for dogs and cats. Journal
of the American Animal Hospital Association 51, 67 84
while having analgesic e ects, have profound Robertson S 16 Anaesthetic management for Caesarean
dose dependent e ects on cardiac output and sections in dogs and cats. In Practice 38, 7 9

e ex p e Gastric dilatation–volvulus

HISTORY AND PRESENTATION SIGNS OF PAIN
astric dilatation volvulus V mostly These originate from abdominal distention
a ects large to giant breed, deep chested stretch , which can cause considerable pain.
dogs. Patients present with acute signs, with
some association with exercise and eating. TREATMENT

CLINICAL SIGNS A full mu opioid is ideal morphine,
methadone or fentanyl), administered
These vary from agitation to collapse, intravenously. ue to a high proportion of
depending upon cardiovascular stability. dogs having postoperative arrhythmias, the
There are often signs of hypovolaemic use of lidocaine can also be considered. If an
and obstructive shock, tachycardia and escalation of analgesia is required then
tachypnoea. lidocaine would be a good rst choice.

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