Page 274 - The Toxicology of Fishes

254 The Toxicology of Fishes

Knoebl et al. (2006), Larkin et al. (2003a) Larkin et al. (2002, 2003c) Williams et al. (2003) Sheader et al. (2006) Roling et al. (2004) Gonzalez et al. (2006) Meyer et al. (2005)

Refs. Peterson and Bain (2004) Maples and Bain (2004)

Examples of Genes or Trends Identified Estrogens and xenoestrogens induce similar profile of altered gene expression; vitellogenin (+), choriogenin (+), zona radiata proteins (+), ERα (+), transferrin (–) E2 and NP cause similar but not identical gene expression profiles; p,p′-DDE causes sex-specific changes; vitellogenin (+), choriogenin (+), aspartic protease (+), transferrin (–) CYP1A (+), UDPGT (+), elongation factor 1 (–) Induc

Examples of Studies Investigating Differential Gene Expression in Fish Exposed Experimentally or Environmentally to Toxicants

Method (Number of Genes Represented) ddPCR, macroarray (30–250) ddPCR, macroarray (132) SSH, microarray (160) SSH, microarray (500) SSH, ddPCR ddPCR, macroarray ddPCR SSH, macroarray (96) ddPCR, macroarray

Toxicant or Comparison 17β-Estradiol, 17α-ethynyl estradiol, diethylstilbestrol, methoxychlor, p-nonylphenol, endosulfan 17β-Estradiol (E2), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p′-DDE) Tyne estuary vs. Alde estuary Cadmium Pyrene Anthracene Chromium (III) Arsenic Elizabeth River, VA, vs. King’s Creek, VA

TABLE 5.3 Species and Stage Sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) European flounder (Platichthys flesus) adults European flounder adults Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) adults Atlantic killifish adults Atlantic killifish adults Atlantic killifish juveniles Atlantic killifish adults