Page 1440 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

1412 PART XIII Hematology

TABLE 88.3
VetBooks.ir Pathogenetic Classification of Splenomegaly in Dogs and Cats TYPE SPECIES

SPECIES
TYPE
Inflammatory and Infectious Splenomegaly Pyogranulomatous splenitis
Suppurative splenitis Blastomycosis D, C
Penetrating abdominal wounds D, C Sporotrichosis D
Migrating foreign bodies D, C Feline infectious peritonitis C
Bacterial endocarditis D, C Mycobacteriosis (i.e., tuberculosis) D, C
Septicemia D Bartonellosis D, C
Splenic torsion D
Toxoplasmosis D, C Hyperplastic Splenomegaly D
Bacterial endocarditis
Infectious canine hepatitis (acute) D Brucellosis D
Mycobacteriosis (i.e., tuberculosis) D, C
Discospondylitis D
Necrotizing splenitis Systemic lupus erythematosus D, C
Splenic torsion D Hemolytic disorders (see text) D, C
Splenic neoplasia D
Congestive Splenomegaly
Salmonellosis D, C
Pharmacologic (see text) D, C
Eosinophilic splenitis Portal hypertension D, C
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis D, C Splenic torsion D
Hypereosinophilic syndrome C, D
Infiltrative Splenomegaly
Lymphoplasmacytic splenitis Neoplastic
Infectious canine hepatitis (chronic) D Acute and chronic leukemias D, C
Ehrlichiosis/Anaplasmosis (chronic) D, C Systemic mastocytosis D, C
Pyometra D, C Malignant histiocytosis D, C
Brucellosis D Lymphoma D, C
Hemobartonellosis D, C Multiple myeloma D, C
Bartonellosis D, C Metastatic neoplasia D, C (rare)
Leishmaniasis D, C Nonneoplastic

Granulomatous splenitis EMH D, C
Histoplasmosis D, C Hypereosinophilic syndrome C, D
Mycobacteriosis (i.e., tuberculosis) D, C Amyloidosis D

C, Cats; D, dogs; EMH, extramedullary hematopoiesis.
Modified from Couto CG: Diseases of the lymph nodes and the spleen. In Ettinger S, editor: Textbook of veterinary internal medicine, ed 3,
Philadelphia, 1989, WB Saunders.

splenomegaly. The same seems to occur in dogs and cats with according to the cell type as suppurative, granulomatous,
certain hemolytic disorders, including immune-mediated pyogranulomatous, or eosinophilic. Splenic abscesses can
hemolytic anemia, drug-induced hemolysis, pyruvate kinase also form, often in association with a perforation by a
deficiency anemia, phosphofructokinase deficiency anemia, foreign body. Necrotizing splenitis caused by gas-forming
familial nonspherocytic hemolysis in Poodles and Beagles, anaerobes can occur in dogs in association with splenic
Heinz body hemolysis, and mycoplasmosis. Rarely an area torsion or neoplasia. Lymphoplasmacytic splenitis cannot
of focal splenomegaly is diagnosed histopathologically as be distinguished cytologically from splenic hyperplasia. The
hyperplasia (i.e., nodular hyperplasia) after performing a causative agents for different types of splenitis are listed in
splenectomy. Table 88.3. In a recent study of 33 dogs with splenitis in Italy
As in the lymph nodes, if polymorphonuclear leuko- (Ferri et al., 2016), most dogs had purulent (suppurative;
cytes or macrophages predominate in the cellular infiltrate, 27%) or pyogranulomatous (24%) splenitis. In most dogs
the term splenitis is used. The infiltrates are also classified with purulent splenitis, bacteria could be identified when