Page 40 - BSAVA Guide to Pain Management in Small Animal Practice
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4 | Chronic and osteoarthritic pain
VetBooks.ir points, an attempt to address the pain and been shown to improve quality of life in dogs
In cases with identi ed myofascial trigger
(German et al., 1 , but the welfare obligation
discomfort associated with this additional strain
is essential with either dry needling, therapeutic to provide pain relief remains, and the provision
of analgesia may be required to enable the
lasers, or physical manual therapy. he animal to undertake more exercise and
treatment of rP is still in its infancy in strengthen muscles in the rst instance.
veterinary medicine, but its importance in
contributing to chronic pain is becoming more Exercise
widely recognized. he role exercise can play in the management
of the condition must be stressed to owners.
Exercise will assist with weight reduction in
interventions overweight animals, the strengthening of
muscles, and go some way to reduce the
Nutraceuticals are food supplements that are muscle atrophy that accompanies OA.
thought to modify the disease process of urthermore, the emotive component that
degenerative oint disease. he evidence for exercise provides is likely to be of bene t.
their e cacy in the maladaptive pain of A is Exercise is shown to have a signi cant bene t in
limited, despite their being widely used. he chronic pain conditions (Bobinski et al., 1 .
main body of evidence shows a bene t of oral See Chapter 6.
supplementation with omega fatty acids
found in some sh oils and green lipped
mussel (Perna canaliculus extracts Bui and
Bierer, 1; Roush et al., 1 . ne study hese disease modifying agents are indicated
recommended a dosage of mg kg day for use in dogs with OA and are licensed in
of green lipped mussel extract as a loading some countries for intramuscular administration
dose ielm B rkman et al., 9 . Some twice weekly for 4 weeks. Concurrent NSAI s
prescription foods include these extracts in should be avoided and PSGAGs must not be
their mobility-promoting diets. Other food given to animals with bleeding disorders.
supplements, such as glucosamine,
chondroitin, elk velvet antlers, hydrolysed
collagen and turmeric, have only anecdotal his agent is available as an in ectable for a
evidence. course of four injections each a week apart.
Palmitoyl ethanolamide PEA is a fatty acid Studies show con icting and inconsistent results
amide molecule that has shown analgesic Read et al., 1996; Sandersoln et al., 9 .
e ects in a blinded comparison with ibuprofen
for the treatment of temporomandibular joint
pain in humans (Marini et al., 1 , but there are his is a non sulfated glycosaminoglycan with
presently no published studies in dogs or cats. little evidence of a positive e ect on the
A nutritional supplement containing PEA was progression of osteoarthritis.
launched in the U in 16 Redonyl, echra .
More importantly, owners must address
weight reduction in pets that are above their
ideal bodyweight. It is worth explaining to
owners that obesity is a chronic low level treatment
in ammatory state that can exacerbate A wo studies have recently been published
through the adipokines released from white demonstrating an analgesic e ect of
adipose tissue. A moderate weight loss can intravenous administration of a canine nerve
reduce pain scores in animals su ering from A growth factor antibody to dogs ebster et al.,
(Marshall et al., 1 and weight loss alone has 14; Lascelles et al., 1 .
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