Page 200 - Problem-Based Feline Medicine

192 PART 4 CAT WITH URINARY TRACT SIGNS

Clinical signs Diagnosis

Hemorrhagic cystitis may occur during cyclophos- History of access to toxic material.
phamide therapy (< 5% of cases) in cats due to the
Urinalysis reveals a sterile hematuria (RBC >5 hpf).
action of acrolein on the mucosa resulting in mucosal
edema, necrosis and ulceration.

RECOMMENDED READING
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Clinical Management, 2nd edn, Churchill Liverstone, Melbourne, 1994, pp 1769–1823.
Cameron ME, Casey RA, Bradshaw JW, Waran NK, Gunn-Moore DA. A study of environmental and behavioural
factors that may be associated with feline idiopathic cystitis. J Small Anim Pract 2004; 45(3): 144–147.
Kalkstein TS, Kruger JM, Osbourne CA. Feline idiopathic lower urinary tract disease. Parts I to IV. Compendium 21,
1999: 15, 148, 387, 497.
Norsworthy GD. Feline Urologic Syndrome; Urolithiasis The Feline Patient: Essentials of Diagnosis and Treatment,
Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 1998.
Osborne CA, Finco DR. Canine and Feline Nephrology and Urology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995.
Westropp JL, Buffington CA. Feline idiopathic cystitis: current understanding of pathophysiology and management.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2004; 34(4):1043–1055.
Westropp JL, Welk KA, Buffington CA. Small adrenal glands in cats with feline interstitial cystitis. J Urol 2003;
170(6 Pt 1): 2494–2497.