Page 122 - Natural Antioxidants, Applications in Foods of Animal Origin

Potential Applications of Natural Antioxidants in Meat and Meat Products 101
VetBooks.ir the extraction of phenolics from plant materials, with different proportions of

water. Methanol has been generally found to be more efficient in extraction
of lower molecular weight polyphenols while the higher molecular weight
flavanols are better extracted with aqueous acetone (Prior et al., 2001, Guyot
et al., 2001). Ethanol is another good solvent for polyphenol extraction (Shi
et al., 2005). Water is the safest solvent but it is less efficient than the organic
solvents in extracting all the antioxidants. On the contrary, extra precaution
should be taken to remove all the traces of organic solvent as it may not be
acceptable for consumers if residues are left in the final product. In addition,
the cost-effectiveness of extraction process should also be taken in account
in order to reduce the cost of natural antioxidants and its wider exploitation
in meat industry.

TABLE 3.1 Extraction of Antioxidant Components from Different Sources and Its Application
in Meat Products.
Source Part used Extraction solvent Reference
Fruits
Bearberry Leaf 95% ethanol and Pegg et al. (2005)
50% acetone
Citrus paradisi (grape Bark Ethyl acetate, Sayari et al. (2015)
fruit) methanol, and water
Grape Seed 80% ethanol Shan et al. (2009)
Pomace Methanol Garrido et al. (2011)
Kinnow Peel Water Devatkal et al. (2010)
Pomegranate Peel Water Devatkal et al. (2010)
70% ethanol Tayel and El-Tras (2012)
80% ethanol Shan et al. (2009)
Prunus mume Fruit Methanol Jo et al. (2006)
Herbs and spices
Clove Bud 80% ethanol Shan et al. (2009)
Cinnamon Bark 70% ethanol Tayel and El-Tras (2012)
Cinnamon stick Cortex 80% ethanol Shan et al. (2009)
Fenugreek Seed 90% ethanol Mansour and Khalil (2000)
Green tea Leaf Water Rababah et al. (2011)
Rosemary & hissop Leaf and Dimethyl sulfoxide Fernandez-Lopez et al.
secondary (2003)
branches
Rosemary Leaf Deionized water Akarpat et al. (2008)

Leaf Acetone, hexane Naveena et al. (2013)