Page 51 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition
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FIG. 2.2 The major structural features of the cell walls of Gram-
negative, Gram-positive, and acid-fast bacteria. It is these
conserved structural molecules that serve as pathogen-associated
molecular patterns and are recognized by pattern-recognition
receptors such as the toll-like receptors.
Animals use many different PRRs to ensure detection of as many
PAMPs as possible. Most PRRs are cell associated. They are found
on cell membranes, within the cytosol, and within cytoplasmic
vesicles, while other soluble PRRs circulate in the bloodstream (Fig.
2.3).
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